高中生印象管理策略量表的编制与验证_应用心理学.doc

摘要:印象管理，也称印象整饰，是指人们通过控制他人所获得的信息，试图影响他人对自己的看法和行为，以获得他人对自己的良好印象的过程。印象管理作为青少年社会适应的一种方式和行为，对青少年的自我调节和人际关系调节都起着重要作用。而印象管理策略作为印象管理的实施手段，渗透在高中生生活的方方面面，更是在高中生人际交往中扮演着重要的角色。

　　　本论文着眼于探究高中生的印象管理策略，旨在帮助高中生通过优化的印象管理策略改善人际关系，获得自我提高。为达此目的，以Fiske等人提出的印象管理的类型（造成积极印象、造成模糊印象和控制消极印象的三种印象管理）为理论依据，通过自编问卷，然后采取分层随机抽样的方法选取南京市某中学220名高中生进行问卷研究，以了解高中生在印象管理策略选择上的偏好，并对所获结果进行分析与讨论，最后得出结论：①总体而言，高中生已经具有相对稳定的印象管理策略，男女生在三类印象管理策略的选择上没有显著性差异。②较之男生，女生更倾向于使用造成模糊印象的策略和避免消极印象的策略；③高一、高三年级学生更倾向于使用造成积极印象的策略。

关键词：印象管理策略、性别差异、年级差异、高中生

Abstract:Impression management, which is also called impression trim, refers to the process that people try to influence what others think about them and what they do to them by controlling the information received by others so as to make a good impression. As a way of social adaptation, it plays an important role in adolescents’ self-adjustment and interpersonal adjustment. The strategies of impression management, as the implementation of impression management, have penetrated every aspect of high school students’ lives. In particular, it plays a significant role in their interpersonal communication. 

　　　 This paper is aimed at helping high school students to optimize the strategies of impression management so as to improve their interpersonal relation and obtain self-improvement through the research into their impression management strategies. So the author edited questionnaires on the basis of the theory of the types of impression management proposed by Fiske. The types are causing a positive impression, causing a fuzzy impression and controlling the negative impression. The research stratified selected 220 high school students in Nanjing to answer the questionnaires in order to know their choices of impression management strategies and then analyze and discuss the results.

　　　 The conclusions are as follows. Firstly, in general, high school students have relatively stable impression management strategies. Besides, it doesn’t show clear gender difference in the choice of the three strategies. Secondly, girls are more apt to use the strategies of causing a fuzzy impression and controlling the negative impression in comparison to boys. Finally, high school students in grade 1 and 3 tend to use the strategy of causing a positive impression.

Keywords：Strategies of Impression Management; Gender Difference; Grade Difference; High School Students