情绪启动对道德两难问题选择的影响_心理学.doc

摘要：在道德研究领域，主流道德心理学一直强调认知过程，情绪因素在道德判断中的作用长期处于被忽视的状态。然而近期的大量研究表明，情绪因素极易影响道德判断。本研究选取了102名男女比例相当的中学生为被试，探讨情绪启动对道德两难问题选择的影响。结果发现：（1）通过电影或图片为刺激启动快乐或忧伤情绪的效果是显著的。（2）不同情绪状态的中学生在自我相关的道德两难问题选择上存在显著差异，在他人相关的问题上则不存在差异。（3）中学生在道德两难问题选择上不存在性别差异。这证实了在道德两难问题判断中，“个人道德”难题主要由情绪直觉主导道德判断，而“非个人条件”难题主要由认知推理主导道德判断。

关键词  情绪启动 道德两难 道德判断

Abstract：In the moral field, mainstream moral psychology has been emphasized cognitive process in moral judgment, emotional factors in moral judgment has been ignored in a long time. However, recent mass of researches indicated that emotional factors influenced moral judgment extremely easily. This study selected the 102 sex ratio for the middle school students to fairly, discussed about the influence of emotional start on choice for moral dilemma. The results found: (1) The effect of starting happiness or sadness mood through the movie or pictures for stimulation was remarkable. (2) The difference was significant that different emotional state of middle-school students in self related moral dilemma choice, but no significant difference was found in others related problem. (3) There was no significant gender difference on moral dilemma choice. This confirmed that, in the moral dilemma, emotional intuition mainly dominanted moral judgment on "Personal morality" puzzle, but cognitive dominanted moral judgment on "The impersonal condition" puzzle.

Key Word  Emotional start  Moral dilemma  Moral judgment

　　　本研究采用的阈下情绪启动范式效果显著，并且结果发现，（1）通过电影或图片为刺激启动快乐或忧伤情绪的效果是显著的；（2）不同情绪状态的中学生在自我相关的道德两难问题选择上存在显著差异，在他人相关的问题上则不存在差异；（3）中学生在道德两难问题选择上不存在性别差异。由此我们得出这样的结论：在道德两难问题判断中，“个人道德”主要由情绪直觉主导道德判断，而“非个人条件”主要由认知推理主导道德判断。另外，相比于负性情绪或中性情绪，正性情绪的道德判断显得更坚持原则一点，而不是完全受情境所影响。