摘要：伴随着市场经济的发展，我国民营企业尤其是制造企业、零售企业员工流动较为频繁，适度的人员流动有利于公司及时更换新鲜血液，保持企业的活力和创造力，但是大量的人才流失不利于企业的连续性经营，员工跳槽到竞争对手公司可能带走公司的技术资料和机密文件，提升对手竞争优势，使公司遭受巨大损失。核心员工是对企业的发展起到关键作用的员工，研究核心员工流失原因及对策是研究企业员工流失的最重要方面。
我国社会主义初级阶段市场经济下民营企业人事管理制度上存在固有缺陷，这决定了其人力资源管理水平较低。民营企业普遍存在的问题表现在缺乏制度化管理政策、人性化管理理念、及科学的管理方法，这些原因导致了核心员工离职率居高不下。此外，除了公司管理制度的原因，核心员工离职率还受国家经济宏观环境比如经济环境、行业状况以及员工个人因素的影响。
本文引用西方著名的理论包括核心员工理论、激励理论、人才流失理论及模型，介绍了几大理论对于本文研究的意义。研究的方法包括定量分析法、定性分析法、因素分析法。在理论研究的基础上，从C公司核心员工流失数据中发现问题，分析核心员工离职的原因，对导致员工离职的重要因素进行归纳总结，提出解决问题的方法。提出的解决对策从改善公司管理制度、管理方法以及企业文化等多角度出发，包括提高管理者的管理水平、完善薪酬制度、绩效制度、培训制度、激励制度，加强企业文化的构建等。希望这些对策能为民营企业的人事发展提供借鉴。
关键词：民营企业；核心员工；员工流失
ABSTRACT：With the development of market economy，the turnover in our private enterprise(especially manufacturing enterprise and retail enterprise) is very often .A moderate employee turnover is good for the company to change new employees and keep the vitality and creativity for some time. However , on the one hand , a great mass of employee turnover is bad for the continual management of the company .On the other hand , the former employee may bring a lot of technical information and secret documents , which will improve the competitor’s competitive advantage and cause a huge damage to the company . Core workers play very important role in the development of enterprises .Researching the reasons and methods of core workers turnover is the most important part of research in employee turnover.
Under the first period of socialist market economy , the inherent defects of management model in private enterprise cause the low human resources management level of them .The common problems of private including the shortage of systematic management policy , humanistic management philosophy and scientific management methods , which have made a high core worker turnover rate. Besides of defects of management system , the core employee turnover is influenced by the macroeconomic environment ,such as economic policy and industry status, and employees themselves.
This article is based on some famous western theories , including core worker theories, employee turnover theories and motivation theories. And the research methods of the article are quality analysis, qualitive analysis and factor analysis .On the basis of the research theories ,the article finds problems from the data of core worker turnover of C company ,analyses the reasons of core workers’ dismission ,summarizes the important factors of core employee turnover and put up with some solutions to solve the problems .From many perspectives , such as recruitment ,train, payment , motivation and business culture , the solutions of solving the problem include the improvement of managers’ management and management system ,which could be the better recruitment policy ,train policy ,payment policy and business culture. In addition , the company should also make effort to cultivate a typical business to retain and attract more talents .Hope these methods could be a usable reference for private company.
Keywords: private enterprise；core worker；employee turnover
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