媒介融合趋势下全能记者竞争力研究_广播电视编导.doc

摘要：新媒体时代，传媒领域正在进行一场前所未有的真正的革命。媒介融合已成为不可逆转的发展趋势和传统媒体的重要战略转型方向。这无疑对当前的新闻记者提出了新的要求和挑战。

　　　本课题从分析传统意义上的记者(传统记者)竞争力在媒介融合趋势下受到的冲击入手，提出与媒介融合趋势相适应的新型的“全能记者”概念，并结合国内外研究现状，从理论层面深入探讨“全能记者”这一关键概念的科学定义；在此基础上，进一步分析了全能型记者的竞争力要素；最后，结合自身在密苏里大学新闻学院的参与式观察，针对当前国内外高校新闻传播学术教育环境及媒体内部的培训机制，提出具有一定应用价值的全能型记者竞争力培育策略和培养途径，让更多新闻记者洞悉传媒行业转型过程中对人力资本的需求点，在媒介融合趋势下积极主动应对改变。

关键词：媒介融合；全能记者；竞争力要素；人力资本

Abstract：At the age of new media, a real revolution comes to media, incredibly and unprecedentedly. It is media convergence that has become an irreversible trend and an important strategic direction of transformation in traditional media, which makes current journalists encounter with new demands and challenges.

　First of all, with the traditional perspective of journalists’ (of traditional media) overwhelmed competitiveness, this paper introduces the new concept “Complete reporter” adapted to the media convergence trend. Then, combined with researches home and overseas, the essential elements of “Complete reporter” will be discussed as well as its scientific definition, theoretically and profoundly. Finally, with the participatory observation of the author in University of Missouri School of Journalism, the effective strategies and methods for training Complete reporter are put forward, in allusion to the current education in domestic and foreign universities in journalism and communication, as well as training environment and the internal mechanisms of media, in order to let more journalists discern the need of human capital demand in media convergence from the transformation process of the media industry , coping with change actively.

Key words: Media convergence; Complete reporter; Competitive elements;  Human capital demand

　本课题立足传播学理论基础，从分析媒介融合趋势的实质及其对媒体发展、新闻记者的影响入手，提出与新型传播环境相适应的“全能记者”概念，并结合国内外研究现状，对这一关键概念加以区分及科学界定，在此基础上，探讨了全能记者竞争力及其构成要素，并针对当前国内外高校新闻传播教育环境及媒体内部的培训机制，提出全能记者竞争力的培育策略和培养途径。通过全文的分析和讨论，主要结论可概括如下：

　对“媒介融合”、“全能记者”进行了概念界定，认为媒介融合是一种趋势，而非固化的概念，狭义的媒介融合是指媒介以受众需求为导向，整合、嫁接优势资源，重组媒介构成要素，实现全方位、立体化传播效果的融合，广义的媒介融合是指媒介在信息资源全球化背景下，将信息作为商品，面向受众的多元需求，所进行的传媒业态形式的融合；认为从个体层面而言，“全能记者”即具备基本文学素养、传统新闻操作手法，跨媒体报道思维方式，能够灵活运用文字、图片、表格、音频、视频、动画等报道手段，满足受众需求的新闻人才；从媒介组织层面而言，“全能记者”并非单兵作战的全能型新闻记者，而是集合具有很强媒介融合意识和团队合作精神的全能型新闻记者，使其以团队的工作方式整合多媒体优势资源，对新闻内容多次开发以满足受众需求的“全能团队”的总称。