摘要:在国家和社会制度不断变迁和发展的同时,关于残疾人的许多问题也逐渐尖锐和明显起来。残疾人是中国弱势群体中困难最多、问题最突出的群体,一直处在社会的底层,随着经济的发展,社会的进步,贫富差距的拉大,残疾人要在社会上立足显得越来越困难,在农村地区更为明显,这类群体需要政府和社会各界给予他特殊的支持和帮助。本文根据社会生态系统理论对苏北某农村地区的智障者个案的生存状态的观察,反映出残疾人这个群体目前的整体生活概况,分析了解此类群体社会支持情况,从而探讨出社会工作针对此类群体各个系统的介入策略,希望能发现目前我国残疾人这一群体所面临的最迫切的问题,找到解决这些问题的有效途径。
关键词:智残者 生态系统 生存状态 反思
Abstract: With the changes and development of our country and social system, the problem about the disabled is becoming incisive and obvious. The disabled are the group of most problems among Chinese vulnerable groups who are always at the bottom of the society. With the development 0f economy and the progress of society and gap of wealth becoming huge, it becomes more and more difficult for disabled people to keep a foothold in the society which is more distinct in rural areas. The disabled need special support and help from government and all walks of life in society. This paper focuses on the observation of mental disabled people’s living conditions in a rural area of northern Jiang Su based on the theory of social ecosystem. It reflects general living conditions of the disabled and analyzes social support to them, thus probe into intervene strategy from all systems. It hopes to find out the most pressing problems of the disabled in China and find effective ways to solve these problems.
Key words: mental disabled people, ecosystem, survival conditions, introspection.
通过对本文案主的生存状态的观察表述,可以看出,在中国农村,残疾人这类群体的生存状态堪忧,存在着各种各样的问题。而从残障人士的社会支持网络来看,家庭承担着不可取代的角色,家庭对案主的支持主要是日常的生活照顾和情感上的支持。政府、集体、国家对其的社会保障的作用也是很重要的,主要体现在政策支持方面。但是在中国特殊的国情背景下,各种社会保障体制不完善,政策法规无法落实,使得残障人士不能享受到该享有的福利,这也体现出了中国农村的社会保障制度的建立完善的道路是曲折的,但是我们要一起走好其中的每一步,为残障人士提供更好的生存空间。