摘要:数形结合的思想就是在研究数学问题的过程中,把“数”和“形”结合起来考虑,使抽象的数学语言直观化,或使直观的图像抽象化,从而通过对图形的认识,数形的转化, 使问题化繁为简, 化难为易, 化抽象为具体,从而简化推理和运算。数形结合思想是通过构建数与形之间的对应关系,在二者的对应和互助中,来分析研究问题并解决问题的一种思想,数形结合的解题方法具有直观、灵活的特点,应用十分广泛。
关键词:数形结合;数学思想;解题
Abstract: Numeral-form combination thinking means that in the process of studying mathematic problems, we should combine the numbers with forms and make the abstract mathematic language visual or make the visual forms abstract. So we can simplify the problems, make them easier, make them specific and then simplify the process of inference and operation through understanding the forms and transformation between forms and numbers. Numeral-form combination thinking is a thinking which analyses, studies and solves problems through structuring the correspondence between numbers and forms. It has the traits of being visual and flexible and it has been applied wide.
Key-words: Number shape Union;Mathematical thinking;Solving problems
“数形结合”有助于对数学知识的记忆。学校教育中的数学知识一般是基础理论性知识,需要牢固地记忆并掌握这些基础知识,在此基础上做到灵活和创造性的应用,在整个教学过程中,这二者是相辅相成的。在学习中运用形象记忆的特点,使抽象的数学尽可能的形象化,这样对输入的数学信息和印象就更加深刻,在脑海中形成了数学的模型,可以形象地帮助理解和记忆。
应用“数形结合”能训练数学直觉思维能力。在数的工作和学习中,存在着大量的直觉思维,即人们在求解数学问题时,运用已有的知识,从整体上对数学对象及其结构迅速识另、判断.进而作出大胆的猜想,合理的假设。并得出试探性的结论。