自然会话与小学英语课堂对话话轮特征的对比.doc

【摘要】自然会话是真实的语言的运用和思想的表达。英语课堂是教师利用话语交际活动培养学生语言能力的重要场所。课堂教学过程本质上是一个会话过程。会话的基本构造单位是话轮（turn）。学生话轮可以反映学生在课堂上的的参与度，而学生在英语课堂上的参与度影响着学生的语言习得。本文通过自然会话话轮与小学英语话轮特征的对比研究，分析这些差异对学生语言习得的影响，并提出建议，旨在帮助教师更好地掌握课堂，反思教学，提高教学效率，最终达到学生掌握语言的目的。

【关键词】话轮；自然会话；英语课堂会话

【Abstract】Natural conversation is the application of real language and the expression of thoughts. English class is an important place for teachers to develop students' language ability through linguistic communication . The nature of the class teaching process is the conversation. The basic unit of the conversation is turn. The students’ turns can reflect the participation of students in the class, while the participation of students in English class affects the students' language acquisition. Through the comparative study of turn features between natural conversation and primary school English class conversation,,this paper analyses the effects of these differences on students; language acquisition and proposes some suggestions so that teachers can reflect on teaching and improve teaching efficiency and as a result, they can  help students’ master the language.

【Key words】Turn ; Nature Conversation; English Class Conversation

　　在传统的英语口语课堂中话轮转换的特点和规则都有别于自然会话,其话轮不是自由竞争获得的,而是受老师的控制权影响着，教师指定诱发学生被动地接受话轮，显然这样的课堂话轮的特点和替换规则使得学生用英语交流机会大大减少,不利于交际能力的培养，教师要意识到课堂话轮对学生语言习得的影响。教师应该努力创造贴近学生真实生活的情境，开展具有实际交流意义的活动，真正将话语权交给学生，让学生在互动中理解语言输入，在互动中进行语言输出，最终使其习得语言。