译文(字数 3081):
营运能力比率分析
资料来源:财务管理与分析
作者:弗兰克.J.法博奇,帕梅拉.P.彼得森
财务比率分析
通过财务分析,可以使不同的信息使用者得到有关企业营运状况和财务状况的信息。这些信息都是很有价值的,它可以帮助企业经营者全面了解企业的营运状况,可以帮助企业投资者预测投资风险和投资报酬,做出投资、继续投资或转移投资的决策。
经营比率
经营比率即周转比率,它在很大程度上可以用来评估特定资产产生的利益,诸如存货、应收账款可以用来评价公司全部资产产生的利润。
存货的管理
存货周转率表明公司已销售货物和服务的使用效率。存货周转率是企业营业成本与存货间的比率:存货周转率=营业成本/平均存货
应收账款的管理
就像评估存货周转一样,我们可以用应收账款和信用政策评估一个公司的经营管理水平。应收账款周转率是评价企业运用信用政策效率的一种方法。提供信用期限是为了刺激销售。信用政策的使用,是为了防止客户出现不履行承诺的可能性。延长信用期限的好处就同净赊销-销售应该收到的现金少于实际到账的。
应收账款周转率=营业收入净额/应收账款平均余额
外文原文(字符数 8498):
Operating Capacity Ratio Analysis
Material Source:《Financial Management and Analysis》
Author: Frank J. Fabozzi .Pamela P. Peterson
Using financial ratio analysis
Financial analysis provides information concerning a firm’s operating performance and financial condition. This information is useful to analysis in evaluating a firm’s operation and to an investor in evaluating the risk and potential returns to investing in a firm’s securities.
Activity ratios
Activity ratios—for the most part, turnover ratios—can be used to evaluate the benefits produced by specific assets, such as inventory or accounts receivable or to evaluate the benefits produced by the totality of the firm’s assets.
Inventory management
The inventory turnover ratio indicates how quickly a firm has used inventory to generate the goods and services that are sold. The inventory turnover is the ratio of the cost of goods sold to inventory:
Inventory turnover ratio=Cost of goods sold/Inventory