摘要:学习是学习者通过已有的经验、知识结构对新知识进行主动建构，而不是被动对知识的记载和吸收，学生之前已经形成的相关情感、态度及价值观都会对学习者后来的学习产生深刻的影响。因此，大学生的中学物理实验基础，将会直接影响大学物理实验的学习。想要提高大学物理实验教学质量，了解掌握大、中学物理实验教学现状及两者之间的内在联系相当关键。为此，笔者选取红河学院为研究对象，调查大学生的大、中学阶段物理实验教学的状况，发现大、中学物理实验教学现状都不理想。中学物理实验教学存在的主要问题是：学生的实验知识欠缺，实验技能不高，实验素养较差，多数学生实验仪器不会用等。以此调查为基础，笔者把中学物理实验教学与大学物理教学中存在的问题放在一起进行比较研究，分析了中学物理实验教学对大学物理实验教学造成的影响，认为大学生的中学物理实验基础是最重要的因素。通过分析研究，关于如何提高大学物理实验教学的质量这一问题，笔者提出了一些对策：更新物理实验仪器设备；转变思想观念，提高学生对物理实验的认识；强化学生实验基础与能力；进一步开放物理实验室；对大学物理实验教学方法进行改革；对传统的实验考核方法进行改革；加强与中学的信息沟通等。
关键词：中学物理实验，大学物理实验，实验教学，影响
ABSTRACT:Learning is learners have experience, knowledge of the structure of the new knowledge to actively constructing, not passive to the knowledge the recorded and absorption, students have formed before the relevant emotion, and attitude and values on learners' learning later will produce profound effect. Therefore, college students' middle school physics experiment foundation, will directly influence the university physics experimental study. Want to improve university physics experiment teaching quality, it’s very important to understand the actuality and the intrinsic link between physics experiment teaching of middle school and that of college .Therefore the author selected the Honghe university for investigating. It is not optimistic both in the university and the middle schools. Middle school physics experiment teaching the existing problem is: of students' experimental lack knowledge, the skill is not high, the quality is poorer, most students' experiment instrument will not use, etc. This survey as the basis, the author put the middle school physics experiment teaching and university physical problems in the teaching of comparative study together, this paper analyzes the middle school physics experiment teaching of college physics experiment teaching, the impact of that college students' middle school physics experiment basis is the most important factor. Through the analysis, some research on how to improve the college physics experiment teaching quality this problem, the author put forward some countermeasures: introducing the update physical experiment instrument equipment; changing concept, enhance the understanding in physics experiment of students; strengthen the students' experiment ability; reform the teaching methods of college physics experiment; innovate traditional examination methods of experiment; open the physics laboratory further ;strengthen information communication with middle school, and so on.
Keywords: Physics experiment of middle school; Physics experiment of college; Experiment teaching; Influence
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