摘要:金黄色葡萄球菌是引起食物中毒的第二大细菌,因此检测食物中金黄色葡萄球菌具有重要意义。本实验分析比较了传统培养法、金黄色葡萄球菌检测纸片法、PCR法、酶联免疫吸附法等金黄色葡萄球菌检测方法的优缺点从中筛选出最高效的检测方法。实验结果表明,传统培养法耗时最长,检测纸片法最为方便,PCR最为迅速、准确,ELISA法特异性和敏感性较好并且耗时也短。
关键词:金黄色葡萄球菌; 传统培养法; 快速检测纸片法; PCR法; 酶联免疫吸附法。
Abstract:Staphylococcus aureus is the second largest bacteria cause of food poisoning , Therefore, detection of Staphylococcus aureus in food is important. In this study, from the perspective of food safety, the student dormitories expired milk for detection of Staphylococcus aureus. Analyzed and discussed the traditional culture of S. aureus detection paper method, PCR method, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay detection of Staphylococcus aureus and other advantages and disadvantages. Among them, the traditional culture method takes the longest and most convenient test paper method, PCR is most rapid, accurate, ELISA method, and good specificity and sensitivity of a shorter time-consuming.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; traditional culture; rapid test paper method; PCR method; ELISA.
由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的食物中毒,在世界各国都极为普遍。特别是在北美及欧洲等地区发病率更高。在上述这些国家中,每年有金黄色葡萄球菌引起的食物中毒病例,仅次于沙门氏菌,而在细菌性食物中毒病例排到第2~3位,在美国,由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的食物中毒占整个细菌性食物中毒的33%;在加拿大占45%;我国每年发生此类中毒事件全国各地都有报导。有此而造成的经济损失也相当惨重,所以目前世界各国都把金黄色葡萄球菌列为食品卫生的法定检测项目。金黄色葡萄球菌无芽孢和鞭毛,大多数无荚膜,革兰氏染色呈阴性,其“金黄色”外壳是一种被称为类胡萝卜素的抗氧化剂,能帮助金黄色葡萄球菌抵御免疫系统的攻击。