从《远离尘嚣》看哈代的怀旧情结.doc

Abstract:As an English novelist and poet, Hardy’s works belong to the Naturalist movement. Most of his fictional works were set in the semi-fictional land of Wessex and created tragic characters struggling against their passions and social circumstances. Far From the Madding Crowd used this geographical name for the first time. Though many research studies have been carried out on Hardy, effort in analyzing Hardy’s complex of nostalgias is lacking. Hardy is the son of nature and countryside. He formed his unique style with idyllic scenery, careful description of inner thoughts and fatalism. Emphasis is placed on Hardy’s life experience and the social situation of Victorian era. The scope of this research also lies in the text. The purpose of this thesis can be outlined as follows: Through his milestone work, we can know more about the social situation, which in turn, also helps us to know the source of Hardy’s special thoughts. 

Keywords: Thomas Hardy, nostalgias, Far From the Madding Crowd, idyllic scenery, innocent villagers

摘要:作为英国的小说家和诗人，哈代的作品属于自然主义。其大多数作品发生在一个半虚幻的名叫威赛克斯的地方，并创造了许多反抗社会环境的悲剧人物。在《远离尘嚣》中，哈代首次使用了威克塞斯这个地名。虽然有关哈代的研究数目繁多，但鲜有分析哈代怀旧情结的作品。哈代是一名乡土之子，他凭借田园风光，细腻的心理描写和宿命论思想形成了自己独特的写作风格。在注重文本研究的同时，本文将聚焦哈代的生活经历和维多利亚时期的社会状况。本文作者旨在通过分析这部成名作，了解哈代怀旧情结的社会根源及成因。

关键词：托马斯·哈代；怀旧；《远离尘嚣》；田园风光；淳朴村民

　　As a thesis studying Hardy, the aim of this thesis is to explore Hardy’s complex of nostalgias. To achieve this goal, the author studies Far From the Madding Crowd and combines the social background. Capitalism gained further development and flew into the isolated village in the late 19th century. In order to investigate the reasons of this complex, this graduate thesis includes four chapters: the first one is to describe Hardy’s life and the profile of Far From the Madding Crowd; the second part is to study the similarities of Wessex novels; the third part is the symbolic meaning of the main characters; the fourth part is to find out the source of his nostalgias by combining with the social background. 

　　At present, researchers seem to focus on four aspects: the first one is to discuss about the tragic elements in this book, like famous professor Nierongzheng; the second one is to study on the ecology idea in this book, like professor Dingshizhong; the third one is to analyze the heroine in a feminism view; the fourth one is to explore Hardy’s religious belief through Far From the Madding Crowd. However, effort in analyzing Hardy’s complex of nostalgias is lacking. This complex is well related to his love for the homeland. Because this book plays an important role in Hardy’s literary career, the author thinks that it is necessary to do a research on Hardy’s nostalgias in Far From the Madding Crowd. Based on some data which the researcher has collected, the writer reaches the conclusion that Hardy puts ordinary people in the first place and dislikes the modern society. Under the guideline of combining the text with the social background, this paper will explore the reasons of Hardy’s nostalgias and the manifestation of this complex in Far From the Madding Crowd so that readers can learn Hardy’s writing ideas and the following works. It proves that Hardy is the son of land who starts from describing the idyllic life and transfers to tragedy.