Abstract：English and Chinese have differences in ideological mode, cultural custom and historical background, so differences in English and Chinese sentence structure are inevitable. This paper describes the structure of English syntax differences between the two languages，and how to translate English to Chinese, so that the translation can meet the original text requirement and the expression. Translation is a cross-cultural communicative activity. Translation process is the process of information transmission between different cultures and different languages, and English and Chinese can be converted because of the commonality of human thinking. Translation is also the process of verbal communication in different languages as a bridge of communication and the elimination of language differences, a way to grasp the differences between the two languages.
In these differences, the syntax of the language can best embody ethnological characteristics. These differences make these cross-cultural communication activities more complex, and also reflect the particularity of the two languages. By comparing the characteristics and the expression of English and Chinese sentences, more fluent and authentic translation can be achieved.
So this paper provides relevant syntactic comparison, based on the research done by other scholars in the field, so as to achieve better Chinese translation, and serve a better bridge for cross-cultural communication.
Key words: syntactic structure; comparison; ideological mode; E-C translation
中文摘要：英汉两种语言在思维模式，文化习俗，历史背景等方面存在着差异，英汉句法结构的差异在所难免，本文通过阐述英汉两种语言句法结构的差异及其对英汉翻译的启示，使译文符合原文要求和表达习惯。翻译是一种跨文化的交际活动,翻译的过程就是不同文化不同语言的信息传递过程,英汉两种语言之所以能够转换,是由人类思维的共性所决定的. 翻译是语言交流过程中沟通不同语言的桥梁和消除语言差异的途径，把握英汉两种语言之间的差异尤为重要。而在这些差异中,语法最能体现语言的民族特点,这种差异导致翻译这种跨文化交际活动的复杂性,也体现出英汉两种语言转换的特殊性.通过英汉翻译句子进行对比、英汉各自的特点和表达方式探讨，可以更好地把英语译成符合汉语特点及表达习惯的汉语句子，使汉语表达地道、自然。
本文对英汉翻译中句法的研究，有利于两国之间文化的相通，可以使译文更加通顺和地道。
关键词：句法结构；对比；思维模式；英汉翻译
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