Abstract:Lexical collocation is the co-occurrence of words in the same sequence. English and Chinese are two completely different languages with a clear difference in their lexical collocations. Accurate collocation of English vocabulary is key to the process of learning English. The analysis of reasons which cause the differences of lexical collocation is conducive to the improvement of the accuracy of lexical collocation, as well as the decrease of syntax and semantic errors. The author refers to the corpus associated with the English and Chinese collocation, reads the monographs, journals and papers, then lists both the positive and negative examples and summarizes the inherent law of lexical collocation from four perspectives: rules of grammar, lexical denotation, hyponymy and culture, aiming at analyzing and discovering the differences of lexical collocation. The author points out that English emphasizes structure, analyzes how the rules of grammar influence English lexical collocation. Then the author points out that Chinese emphasizes parataxis, analyzes the denotation of words, and states that the forms of two-syllable words and four-character idioms broaden the extension of the concept of the Chinese word meaning. Finally, hyponymy, the word-formation methods and social and cultural habitual usage are taken into consideration.
Key words: lexical collocation,；rules of grammar；lexical denotation；hyponymy
摘要:词汇搭配是词汇在同一序列中的“共现”。英语和汉语是两种截然不同的语系，其词汇搭配则具有明显的差异。英语词汇的准确搭配是英语学习过程的关键,而通过分析造成词汇搭配差异的原因则有利于提高英汉词汇搭配的准确度，减少语法和词义错误。本文通过查阅英汉词汇搭配相关语料库，在阅读相关专著，期刊和论文的基础上，从正反两方面列举大量英汉词汇搭配实例，并分别从英汉语法，词汇外延，词汇上下义和社会文化习惯四方面对英汉词汇搭配内在规律进行归纳，分析和发现词汇搭配的异同。作者指出英语重结构，分析语法规律对英语词汇搭配的重要影响。其次通过中文重意合的特征分析词汇外延，指出双音节词和四字成语的形式拓宽了中文词义外延。最后分析上下义和构词法的关系以及社会文化习惯对词汇搭配的重要影响。
关键词：词汇搭配；语法；词汇外延；上下义
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