Abstract:Theodore Dreiser is an outstanding representative writer of American naturalism literature in the 20th century. His first full-length novel Sister Carrie is the most representative masterpiece of his naturalistic ideas. The thesis aims at exploring the characteristics of naturalistic morals through the novel Sister Carrie, The thesis contains three main parts. The first part is the historical and cultural background of creation the Sister Carrie. The second part elaborates the typical characteristic of Naturalism and explores the decisive factors of the heroine’s destiny-----desire, instincts, and environment. In the third part the author probes the connotation of naturalistic morals. In the end, the thesis concludes that naturalism emphasizes the decisive role of environment on a person’s fate and the human nature. In the world where the jungle law is practiced, survival itself is the ultimate goal of life and all moral standards are unimportant and immoral.
Key words: naturalism; naturalistic morals; desire; environment
摘要:西奥多德莱赛是20世纪美国自然主义文学杰出的代表作家。他的第一部长篇小说嘉莉妹妹是其自然主义思想的杰出代表作。本论文旨在通过《嘉莉妹妹》这部小说探究自然主义道德观的内涵。论文主要从三个方面来展开论述：第一部分研究德莱赛创作《嘉莉妹妹》的历史和文化背景；第二部分阐述了自然主义的典型特征并探讨了欲望,本能,和环境等决定性因素对女主人公的命运的影响；第三部分阐述了作者的自然主义道德观的内涵。通过研究，作者发现自然主义观点：它注重强调环境的决定性作用，环境决定人物的命运，决定人的人性本质。在弱肉强食的世界里生存本身才是生活的唯一目的，一切的道德标准都是不道德的。
关键词：自然主义；自然主义道德观；欲望；环境
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