Abstract:Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, as well as the veterans of World War I later known as the “Lost Generation”. As a representative of the “Lost Generation” of America, Ernest Hemingway’s dual personality----the unstrained appearance, fragile and vulnerable inner heart, leaves his readers a deep impression. His novella The Old Man and the Sea won him the 1952 Nobel Price for Literature. The story recounts an old fisherman caught a marlin far beyond than he could in the Gulf Stream, only to have it eaten by sharks. The novel tells a simple fishing story in simple and plain language. However, Hemingway’s symbolic craft and iceberg theory makes people realize the things outside the language and understand more deeply the thrust of the novel: a man can be destroyed but not defeated. Through the inquiry of his symbolic craft in this novel, we can have a better understanding of the spirit of Hemingway’s code hero and learn to face our society with strong and positive posture.
Key words: iceberg theory; symbolic craft; code hero
摘要:欧内斯特·海明威外表放荡不羁，内心脆弱敏感给人们留下了深刻的印象。他的中篇小说《老人与海》为他赢得了1952年的诺贝尔文学奖。《老人与海》讲述了一个老渔夫桑迪亚哥在很远的墨西哥湾捕到一头马林鱼，为保这条马林鱼，他与鲨鱼博斗数天，但最后这条马林鱼还是被鲨鱼吃光了。虽然小说讲述了一个简单的捕鱼故事，文字简单朴素,但海明威在其中巧妙地运用了冰山原理和象征手法，使人们体会到了更多文字之外的东西,更深刻地体会到这部小说的主旨：一个人可以被摧毁但不可以被打败。通过对这部小说中象征手法的探究，我们可以更加了解到海明威式的硬汉精神，并学会坚强乐观地面对将来的生活，面对这个需要我们这一代人来担当的社会。
关键词：象征手法，冰山理论，硬汉精神
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