Abstract:During foreign language learning, researchers always pay more attention to learners’ individual factors. Since 1970, the emphasis of languages teaching has turned to how teachers teach the learners’ learning. The important research field is affect, which is the individual factor that was caused by every learner. Research shows that foreign languages learning is affected by sex, age, character, learning environment, language ability, learning attitude, affective factors, cognitive style and learning strategy of the learners. Affective factors, such as language anxiety, learning motivation, self-esteem, self-confidence and inhibition, will directly affect learner’s learning action and learning results, and its effects and action is underestimated and ignored. This paper is an overview of how learners’ individual factors have been approached and discussed in second language acquisition, such as motivation, language aptitude, language strategies, anxiety, and attitude. Importantly, the thesis also puts emphasis on the relationship between individual factors and languages learning, and the influence on the Second Language Acquisition.
Keywords: Individual factors，Second Language Acquisition，Motivation，Language aptitude，Language strategies，Anxiety，Attitude
中文摘要:外语学习中学习者个人因素一直受到研究者们的关注。20世纪70年代以来，语言教学研究的重点从研究教师如何教转向学习者如何学，这一造成学习结果差异的学习者个体因素。研究表明，外语学习受性别，年龄，个性特点，学习环境，语言学能，学习态度，情感因素，认知风格和学习策略等诸多因素的影响。情感因素，如语言焦虑，学习动机，自尊心，自信心，移情和抑制等，直接影响到学习者的学习行为和学习效果，其影响和作用是不可低估和忽视的。文章分析了学习者个人因素如学习动机语言天赋，学习策略，焦虑度和学习态度对外语习得的影响。更重要的是本文着重强调和分析了个人因素和英语学习之间的关系以及各因素对二语习得的影响。
关键词：个人因素、二语习得、动机、语言天赋、学习策略、焦虑、态度
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