摘要:用双棱镜干涉测量光波波长是基础物理研究和教学中非常重要的一个实验。它的实验装置是一种典型的分波面干涉装置，实验原理是利用双棱镜对光波的二次折射成像获得两个虚相干光源，并产生干涉场，从而测量出光波的波长。
该实验的关键环节是测量两虚相干光源间的距离，实验教材中大都采用二次成像法测量两虚相干光源的间距。但是，该实验调节难度大，耗费时间多，仪器调节不好时，甚至不能按时完成实验任务。在物理学中对同一物理量的测量常常有很多不同的方法，但实验教材中对其它方法的介绍很少。本文用一次成像法、分光计测角法、灯泡相切法以及二次成像法测量两虚相干光源间的距离。通过对上述四种测量方法进行实验研究，比较各种实验方法的难易程度，实验结果的准确度，归纳总结出各种方法的特点与优势。
关键词：双棱镜干涉；波长；虚光源间距；分光计测角法；灯泡相切法
Abstract:Measuring light wavelength with biprism interference is a very important experiment in the research and teaching of basic physics. Its experimental device is a kind of typical points of interfering device, it surf experimental principle is to use double prism light refraction image of the second two trophies for coherent light source, and produce deficiency, which measured interference field of light wavelengths.
This experiment is a measure of the key link between two empty coherent light sources in the distance, experimental teaching materials mostly adopts the second imaging method for measuring the two empty space coherent light source. But, this experiment adjustment is difficult, time-consuming, instrument regulation is bad, can't even finish the experiment task. In physics to the same physical measurement often there are lots of different ways. However, experimental teaching materials for the introduction of the very few other methods This paper use an imaging method, spectrometer Angle measurement method, tangent method and secondary imagery bulb two empty methods for measuring the distance between coherent light sources. Through the above-mentioned four measuring methods compared various experimental research, difficulty of experimental method, the accuracy of experimental results, summarized the characteristics and advantages of various methods.
Keywords: Biprism interference; Wavelength; Virtual light source distance; Spectrometer angle method; Tangent method bulb
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