摘要:超级电容器有比功率高、比容量大、成本低、循环寿命长、充放电效率高及不需要维护和保养等优点, 是人们认为很有希望用于超级电容器的一类活性材料.目前应用的电极材料主要是多孔炭材料、金属氧化物和导电聚合物。本文选择以水葫芦为模板制备多孔锰氧化物，利用模板法，将水葫芦烘干研磨，用 Mn(NO3)2+MnAc2+10mlH2O配备锰液，并将水葫芦放入溶液24h，然后将其放在坩埚里在马弗炉里焙烧200oC30min，再分别在200 oC、400 oC、600 oC、800 oC的马弗炉里焙烧90min，分别取出样品；将样品在NMP ( 一甲基二毗咯烷铜)，PVDF（ 聚偏氟乙烯），碳黑下进行研磨，然后在铜板上制做膜片，在把膜片放在干燥箱中干燥，制做切片，配置0.5mol/LK2SO4溶液隔离膜和膜片，装电容器，进行电性能的测试。
本文通过改变不同温度（其中X=200℃，400℃,600℃，800℃）对样品进行焙烧，分析其循环性能及充放电性能，实验结果发现表明：温度对电性能影响较小，当焙烧温度为200oC30分钟-600 oC90分钟时循环性能较好，衰减率为0.99%。充放电效率最高，充电比容量达到1.5758mAh/g，充放电曲线呈等腰三角形状，充放电性能较为最好。
关键词：水葫芦；模板法；超级电容器; 循环效率;充放电性能
Abstract:Super capacitors have advantages of high specific power, specific capacity, low cost, long cycle life, high charge-discharge efficiency and not requiring maintenance and repairing, etc., It is believed that it is likely a kind of active materials for super-capacitors. Current applications are mainly porous carbon electrode materials, metal oxides and conductive polymers. This paper chooses water hyacinth as a template to prepare porous manganese oxides, use templates, Grind the dried water hyacinth, Use Mn (NO3) 2 + MnAc2 +10 mlH2O to prepare Manganese solution, and use it for soaking the corn stalk for 24h,then put it in the crucible in a muffle furnace at 200 degrees C roasted 30min, and at 200 degrees, 400 degrees, 600 degrees, 800 degrees C in a muffle furnace roasting 90min separately, remove the samples alone; Grind the samples under the NMP (a slightly adjacent alkyl dimethyl copper), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), carbon black, and then make the diaphragm on the copper, then dry diaphragm in the oven and making slices, make isolation membranes and membranes of 0.5mol/LK2SO4, load capacitors and test the electrical properties.
In this article, We roast samples by changing the temperature (where X = 200 ℃, 400℃, 600 ℃, 800℃), and analysis it,s performance of cycle and charge-discharge. The experiment’s results showed that: the effect of temperature on the electrical properties is little, the cycle performance is better when the calcination temperature is 200℃30 minutes to 600℃90 minutes, the attenuation rate is 0.99%,the charge and discharge efficiency is maximum, charge capacity of 1.5758mAh/gis compared, the charge and discharge curves is isosceles triangle shape, charge and discharge performance is best.
Key words: water hyacinth; template; super-capacitors; cycle efficiency; charge and discharge performance
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