摘要:天然产物化学是研究植物等的化学成分的作用。楝科植物中含有大量的活性成分，在药用、杀虫等方面具有独特的效果，是目前研究比较深入的植物种类之一。加快楝科植物活性成分的结构鉴定和理化性质的研究，把其作为化学农药的先导化合物而充分利用具有重要意义。本文对楝科植物溪桫中化合物的提取，分离和纯化，研究其对抗TMV的作用。植物病毒病是农业生产中的重要病害，因其防治困难，给农业生产造成极大损失。特别是烟草花叶病毒给经济作物造成巨大的损失，因此研究具有重要的意义。楝科植物中次生代谢物种类繁多，主要化学成分有四环三萜类化合物、四去甲三萜类化合物、甾醇类、黄酮类、有机酸类、酚类、醇类、香豆精类等物质次生代谢物。由于化学成分的差异，表现对昆虫的活性强弱有很大的不同。甾醇类、芳香类、单萜及二萜类对昆虫具有生物活性的种类很少，活性不高，对昆虫有特殊生理活性物质主要是四环三萜类化合物。本文从溪桫中分离得到5个化合物，并一一介绍。
关键词：楝科植物；抗TMV；天然产物；溪桫；化合物
Abstract:The chemistry of natural products is study plants’ function of chemical composition. Meliaceae plants have a lot of active carbon. It has special effect in medicine and insect, is one kind of in-depth study plants. Speeding study of Meliaceae plants, It has very important in chemistry pesticide and first compound. This text is about the compound’s pick up, separate and purify of chisocheton, studying the function of anti-TMV. Plant virus disease is important evil in agricultural production. As It is difficult in prevention and cure, It give rise to agricultural production’s damage, Especially TMV. So the study has important meaning. Meliaceae plants has many hypo-supersession species. The main chemical composition has tetracyclic triterpenes, a four-to triterpenoids, sterols, flavonoids, organic acids, phenols, alcohol and coumarin class.Because of difference of chemical composition, It is different for insect. Sterols, aromatic, monoterpene and diterpenoid has litter life active ingredients kinds, low active ingredients. High active ingredients is tetracyclic triterpenoids compound. We had pick up five compounds from chisocheton. It is introduced as follow.
Keywords: Meliaceae plants; anti-TMV; natural products; chisocheton; compounds
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