摘要:马钱子Strychnos nux-vomica L.属于马钱科（loganiacena）常绿乔木，主要分布于热带和亚热带地区。我国海南、云南有分布。马钱子在我国作为药用有悠久的历史，具有散血热 、消肿、止痛等功效。近年来，马钱子广泛应用于各种肿瘤的临床治疗，取得了较好的疗效，成为了抗肿瘤研究的一个热点。对马钱子药用有效成分进行提取分离和结构鉴定，有利于其药用资源的深层次开发，提高其药用价值。目前，国内外对本属植物化学成分的研究报道并不多，为了更深入地了解其化学成分并从中寻找活性化合物，本论文对马钱子的化学成分进行了较为系统的研究。通过硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20柱色谱、开放ODS柱色谱、制备HPLC等多种色谱手段，从马钱子的90%乙醇提取物中共分离得到5个化合物，并通过理化常数测定、波谱数据分析等手段，鉴定了它们的结构。分别为：番木鳖次碱、番木鳖氮氧化合物、奴弗新、strychnine methiodide和brucine。
关键词：马钱子；化学成分；提取与分离
Abstract:Strychnos nux-vomica L. that belong to loganiacena is a green smallish tree, growing mainly in the tropical zone and subtropical zone. It is distributed in Hainan and Yunnan province in China. As a pharmaceutical product, Strychnos nux-vomica L. has a long history in our country. It showed the physiological functions such as scattering heat in blood, detumescence, alleviating pain and so on. Recent years, it was widely used for clinical therapy of various kinds of cancer and got better therapeutic effect. It has become a hot spot of anticancer study. For the purpose of finding much more bioactive agents from this plant and to supply its exploitation, the further chemical study of this plant was carried out. At present, little chemical work about its chemical constituents has been reported. In order to investigate its chemical compositions and look for active compositions, the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L. was subjected to detailed phytochemistry studies. The chemical constituents of the 90% ETOH extract from the seeds of Strychnos nux–vomica L. were studied systematically. Five compounds were isolated by repeated silica gel, sephadex LH-20 columns chromatography and preparation HPLC. And they were identified as vomicine, strychnine-N-oxide, novacine, strychnine methiodide, brucine.
Key words: Strychnos nux-vomica L.; chemical constituents; extraction and separation
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