论建立我国旅游合同精神损害赔偿制度.doc

摘要:随着我国旅游合同所引起的各种损害赔偿纠纷越来越多，精神损害赔偿纠纷也逐渐增多。但目前我国在立法上只有侵权精神损害赔偿制度，并不承认违约精神损害赔偿。且我国没有明确的旅游合同精神损害的赔偿范围及其标准，以及处理旅游合同精神损害赔偿的方式不统一。因此，旅行社在与游客发生精神损害赔偿纠纷的时候，经常借法律漏洞逃避责任，使游客在遭受侵害后无法获得相应的精神损害赔偿。本文从建立我国旅游合同精神损害赔偿制度的必要性出发，分析目前我国建立旅游合同精神损害赔偿制度存在的主要障碍，借鉴国外的旅游合同精神损害赔偿制度，提出建立我国旅游合同精神损害赔偿制度的建议。

关键词：旅游合同；违约；精神损害赔偿

Abstract:With more and more damage compensation disputes in our country, which are caused by travel contracts,the spiritual damage compensation disputes are gradually increasing. However, in the current legislation，there is a legal system of compensation for the tort of spiritual damage in our country, but it does not acknowledge the compensation for spiritual damage by breach of contract. Furthermore, there is no clear definition about the compensation scope and criteria, nor an unified way to deal with it. Therefore, when the travel agencies evoke the spiritual damage compensation disputes with the tourists,they are prone to evade the responsibility by utilizing the legal loopholes. As a result, the tourists will be unable to obtain appropriate compensation for spiritual damage after suffering the infringement. Based on the necessity to establish the legal system of compensation for the tort of spiritual damage according to the travel contracts, this essay analyzes the major obstacles to enforce this legal system of compensation for the tort of spiritual damage in our country.Besides, with the reference to legal system of the foreign countries, some suggestions will be put forward in this essay.

Key words：Tourist contract； Breach contract；Compensation for mental loss

　　　所谓旅游合同，是指旅行社提供旅游服务，游客支付相应的旅游费用的合同。而精神损害赔偿是指民事主体因人身权利受到不法侵害，使其人格利益和身份利益受到损害或者遭受精神痛苦，要求侵权人通过财产赔偿等具体有效方法进行救济和保护的民事法律制度。精神损害赔偿是由于精神权益受到损害而引起的法律后果。对于违反某些类型的约定可以发生精神损害赔偿，并且在某些契约方面也可以发生精神损害赔偿。即在违反合同时可以适用精神损害赔偿制度。那么旅游合同作为合同的类型之一，也应当适用精神损害赔偿制度。我国的旅游合同精神损害纠纷越来越多，因此确立相应的制度刻不容缓。