试论证人免证特权在我国的完善.doc

摘要：在我国刑事诉讼领域，“证人作证难”问题已成为目前理论界与实务界探讨的热点。作为证人权利的证人免证特权是否需要在我国完善并进一步扩大其使用范围一直备受争议。本文通过分析证人免证特权制度对社会关系、主流思想和司法实践的作用，进一步指出在我国完善该制度的必要性。而且，无论从历史层面、现实层面还是国际层面，在我国完善证人免证特权制度都有一定的可行性。但由于证人免证特权制度在我国现行法律法规中规定得很少，只有刑事诉讼法修正案第46条对律师的免证特权有规定外，其他法律法规都没体现到。笔者结合我国实际情况并借鉴外国的立法和司法实践的先进经验对完善我国的证人免证特权制度提出建议。

关键词：证人；免证特权；障碍；司法理念；例外

Abstract：In our criminal procedure,“the witness testified difficult”issue has become a hot spot theorists and practitioners explore. Of Immunity as a witness the right to witness in our country to improve and further expand its use has been controversial. Analysis to Testify privilege system of social relations, mainstream ideology and judicial practice, further pointed out the necessity of perfecting the system in our country. Moreover, from a historical perspective, the real level or international level, in our perfect to Testify privilege system have a certain degree of feasibility. To Testify privilege system provides little in China's existing laws and regulations, only 46 of the Code of Criminal Procedure amendment lawyers Immunity from the provisions of other laws and regulations did not reflect the author of China's actual situation and learn from the advanced experience of foreign legislation and judicial practice recommendations on improving the system of our country to Testify privilege.

Key words: witness ；the right to witness ；obstruct ；judicature opinion ；exception

证人免证特权，又称证人拒证权或证人作证特免权，是指公民在法定情况下，有权拒绝充当证人或者拒绝回答某些问题的权利。其核心是证人基于特定的身份，依法享有的拒绝承担证明的权利或者免除其作证的权利。证人免证特权在外国已经实行了很久，而我国只是在最近修订的刑事诉讼法中有所体现，并且只是赋予律师免证特权，这在现行的司法实践中是远远不够的。我们除了要维护职业的神圣还要维护婚姻家庭和社会稳定，维护公共利益的安全，所以我们有必要完善现行的证人免证特权，丰富其主体的适用范围。