对我国环境权入宪的思考.doc

摘要:目前，我国的环境问题日益加剧，人类赖以生存和发展的环境屡屡遭到破坏且不可恢复。我国虽然在环境保护的相关法律法规中规定了公民享有一些权利，但并未明确规定环境权，特别是在宪法中还没有明确环境权的地位，这给我国公民的环境权保护带来了许多困难，也与我国的人权发展不相符。因此，我国应当在宪法中确立环境权的地位。本文通过考察我国环境权入宪的必要性，对我国环境权入宪存在的主要问题进行分析，同时借鉴国外关于环境权入宪的经验，提出关于我国环境权入宪的具体建议。

关键词：人权；环境权；基本权利；宪法

Abstract:At present days, the environmental problems in our country are becoming more and more serious. The environment that human depend to live and develop has been destroyed and become unrecoverable.Our citizens have some rights in the environment-related regulations, however, most of the environment-related regulations in China have not yet explicitly incorporated environmental rights, though they provide the citizens with some rights regarding environment, nor has the Constitution. Such a situation has leading to the increasing difficulty in protecting the citizens’ environmental rights. Moreover, the lack of legislation of environmental rights in Constitution law is inconsistent with the development of human rights.  As a result, constitutional environmental rights become extremely significant. This paper attempts to explore the neccsary of constitutional environmental rights, analysis the main problems encountered and draw on the relevant experience of other countries in this field.  Finally, some concrete and well-considered suggestions will be made to address China’s constitutional environmental rights issue specifically.

Key words:Human Right;Environmental Rights; Basic Right; Constitution

我国的相关法律制度未明确赋予环境权的法律地位，现行宪法虽然在一定程度上设计环境权的某些内容，但属于原则性的规定，不具有实体性权利性质，表现出明显的缺陷和滞后性。我国宪法没有明确规定环境权既不利于对环境权的充分保护，也使我国整个法律体系对公民环境权的保护呈现出一种低调的姿态。在环境成为全球性问题直接威胁人类生存和人权保护的发展下，确立我国环境权的宪法地位具有十分重要的意义。