摘要:随着我国经济的快速增长,能源问题日趋严重,针对我国能源供求矛盾加剧和利用效率低下的情况,我国政府明确提出了要走出一条科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少、人力资源优势得到充分发挥的新型工业化道路。这既对节能提出了明确要求,也是大力推进节能工作的重要历史机遇。如何运用财税政策节约能源成为国内理论界思索和研究的一个非常重要而紧迫的课题。
本文开篇阐明能源节约的内涵,以及财税政策促进能源节约的作用原理,通过介绍我国现行的有关促进能源节约的财税政策,并对其实施效果进行了评价,指出当前存在的主要问题。并且介绍了国际上运用财税政策支持节能的通常做法,总结了可供我国借鉴的经验,并对完善我国节能财税政策应采取的措施提出了建议。
关键词:能源;节约;财税政策
Abstract:With China’s rapid economic growth,energy resources is becoming a serious problem.In view of energy supply,demand conflicts and use inefficiently,The Chinese government clearly put forward aproposal that the high scientific and technological conetent,good economic returns,low resource consumption,less environmental pollution.Human resource advantages into full play,a new-type industrical opportunity for vigorously energy conservation effors.How to use taxation to save energy have become a very important and urgent research topic which should be taken into theoretical consideration.
This article based on the mean of finance and taxation policy,and the role of finance and taxation policy play to promote energy conservation, stated the current finance and taxation policy for the promotion of energy conservation in our country,evaluated the implementation results,pointed out the existing problems,introduced the international common pracitive to use finance and taxation policy to support energy conservation,and summed up the experience for our reference.At last sers out the principles to be followed to improve finance and taxation policy.
Key Words:Energy;Save energy;Finance and taxation policy
财税政策将稳步推进资源、环境有偿使用制度的改革试点,激励企业自主创新并加大相关投入力度,以支持节能降耗,减排防污。相关的财税扶持政策正在陆续出台,引领全社会向人与自然的和谐之路回归。
同时我们应该清醒地认识到,财税政策不是万能剂,期待能源财税政策一劳永逸解决问题是不现实的,其作用空间仅仅是风险分担、成本分摊以及政策扶持,解决好我国的能源问题需要各方努力。综合运用经济、法律和必要的行政手段,控制增量、调整存量,依靠科技、加大投入,健全法制、完善政策,落实责任、强化监管,加强宣传、提高意识,形成以政府为主导、企业为主体、全社会共同推进的节能减排工作格局,倡导节约环保文化和绿色消费文明,使转变经济增长方式、节约环保成为全社会的自觉行动。把促进能源可持续发展作为当前宏观调控重点,作为调整经济结构,转变增长方式的突破口着手,确保实现节能减排约束性指标,推动经济社会又好又快发展。