我国商业银行个人住房贷款风险管理及控制研究.doc

摘要：随着我国房价的不断高企，老百姓要购买个人住房的能力在不断下降，随之而来的便是商业银行个人住房贷款业务迎来飞速发展的历史时刻。我国的个人住房贷款起步晚、发展快。个人住房贷款潜在信贷风险不容忽视，尤其是在目前房地产业快速发展和居民购房意愿持续趋强的情况下，银行普遍注重个人住房贷款的扩张，对其风险缺乏足够的分析和评价，而个人住房贷款业务的特点就是期限长，不确定因素多。

　　　结合一定的实证分析，一方面从理论分析我国个人住房贷款存在的各种风险以及管理的必要性，另一方面用实证分析，通过借鉴国内外个人住房贷款管理的成功经验，结合我国实际，研究我国商业银行个人住房贷款的风险控制措施。力图对我国商业银行提高风险管理水平有一定的帮助。

关键词：商业银行；个人住房贷款；风险管理及控制

Abstract：House prices inch higher unceasingly, while the house purchasing power of ordinary people is going down. Consequently, individual housing loan business of commercial banks usher in a period of rapid development. Individual housing loan in our country has a late start, but it is developing rapidly. However, the potential credit risk of individual housing loan cannot be ignored. Throughout these years, real estate keeps developing fast while the wishes of house purchase of residents keeps enhancing. Besides, individual housing loan business is usually long-term and has excessive uncertainty. Nevertheless, commercial banks generally focus on the expansion of individual housing loan without sufficient analysis and evaluation of risk.

    Based on a certain number of solid evidence, this thesis can be divided into two main parts. The first part is going to analyze the risks of individual housing loan in our country and the necessity of risks management from the theory aspect. And the second part will discuss the risks control methods of China's commercial banks combining the successful experience of individual housing loan management at home and abroad and the reality of the country. This thesis strives to help to improve the risk management level of China's commercial banks.

Key words: Commercial banks； Individual housing loan； Risk management and control

　　　个人住房贷款业务作为个人银行业务的一种，对各大商业银行来说是一项重要的资产业务。这项业务发展的情况，贷款质量以及能否安全回收，与银行盈利能力的高低及银行的社会形象息息相关。在市场经济条件下，特别是融资渠道多样化的今天，其风险点及风险防范的措施亦越来越复杂。因此，我国商业银行必须尽快建立和健全个人信贷业务的风险防范管理体系，加强对个人住房贷款业务的操作风险、道德风险、市场风险等可能招致造成资产损失的风险进行有效控制及管理。进一步加强企业文化和基础设施建设，建立科学的个人住房信贷业务信息管理系统，从而实现银行经济价值的最大化。

此外，我们还应该积极拓宽思路，学习国外先进管理经验以减少个人住房贷款的风险，积极鼓励采取市场化的手段转移风险，推进资产证券化市场的发展，比如开展个人住房抵押贷款证券化，以调节银行短存长贷的结构匹配，缓解银行流动性压力，增强银行整体抗风险能力。