The Markedness Model Theory introduced by Scotton holds that speakers are rational actors when they switch codes. The linguistic choices that they make reflect their goals to “enhance interpersonal relations and/or material or psychologica...

In the present thesis, the online code-switching is classified in the following two ways: 1) interlingual code-switching--Chinese is substituted by letters, words and sentences in English and other languages; 2) interior code-switching and e...