非家庭经济因素引起农村青少年失学问题的几点思考.doc

摘要：在大力推进社会主义新农村建设、构建社会主义和谐社会的今天，非家庭经济因素引起的农村青少年失学问题已经受到了全社会的高度重视。解决农村青少年失学问题，大力发展农村教育，是建设社会主义新农村的应有之义，也是实施科教兴国、科教兴农战略中亟待解决的难题之一。本文从非家庭经济因素的角度出发，在广东湛江坦塘村实地调研的基础上，通过数据定量分析和描述性研究，对农村青少年失学问题进行了成因分析和对策探讨。社会价值观念、农村学校教育和管理、农村家庭教育以及农村青少年心理特点等家庭经济条件以外的影响因素中存在的种种弊端，造成了当前农村青少年失学情况仍然十分严峻的局面。本文建议通过加强对农村青少年进行主流价值观的教育和引导、调整农村教育的课程内容和结构设置、加强农村学校的教育教学管理、提高农村家长对子女教育的重视度等途径破解非家庭经济因素引起的农村青少年失学困境，以期能为当前我国农村教育难题的破解提供参考和借鉴。

关键词：农村青少年；失学；非经济因素

Abstract：The problem of rural teenager dropouts caused by non-household economic factors has drawn the attention from the whole society nowadays when a socialist new rural construction and socialist harmonious society are being built. Such non-household economic factors as the influence of various alternative values, an education detached from rural life, maladministration of rural schools on educates, backward rural family education concept and weariness of studying from rural teenagers make for such a severe situation. Solving the problem of rural teenaged dropouts and developing rural education should play an important part in building a new socialist countryside and become a most urgent problem in implementing the strategic principles of relying on science and education to invigorate the country and developing agriculture by relying on science, technology and education. In this paper, it is suggested to solve the problem by promoting education on mainstream value in rural teenagers, rebuilding curriculum content and adjusting curricular structure in rural schooling, strengthening administration in rural schools and drawing rural parents’ attention on children’s education.

Key words：rural teenagers；drop-out problem；non-economic factors

青少年时期正是接受知识教育的黄金时期，是决定农村孩子前途的关键性阶段。此阶段对未来的职业选择和自身的人生定位，很大程度上决定了农村青少年今后的出路和命运。对于出生贫寒的农村青少年而言，上学读书更是他们改变命运的一大机遇。在农民人均经济收入逐年增长和农村义务教育阶段免费的社会大背景下，为何每年仍有大批大批的农村青少年从校园流失？这些出生背景相似的农村孩子，他们的命运将何去何从？带着这些疑惑，笔者在广东省湛江市坦塘村进行了一次实地调研，对由非家庭经济因素引起的农村青少年失学现象进行了深入的探究。