摘要:本文以外贸依存度这一指标作为切入口,运用传统贸易理论,国际贸易新理论和收集到的数据进行分析,围绕对外贸易结构的四种表现形式:贸易商品结构,贸易方式结构,贸易模式结构和贸易区域结构分别进行定性定量分析,揭示了广东省对外贸易结构中存在的问题,并且提出加快产业结构调整与升级、实施科技兴贸战略、开拓多元化的国际市场等对策建议。
关键词: 外贸依存度,对外贸易结构,对策
Abstract:In this thesis, the Ratio of Dependence on Foreign Trade will be used as an index for analyzing different forms of trade structures via traditional trade theory, international trade new theory and those collected data. The structure of good trade, trade mode structure, trade pattern structure and trade area structure qualitative analysis are concluded as four presentation of trade structure which reveals the existing problems of trade structure in Guangdong Province and make some corresponding suggestions and measures as solutions, tending to speed up the industrial structure adjustment and upgrading, and implementation of rejuvenating trade through science and technology strategy, the development diversified international market other measures.
Key Words:Ratio of Dependence on Foreign Trade Index, Foreign Trade Structure, Solutions
解决我省贸易与经济发展问题的关键,在于促进传统的以劳动密集型为主的粗放型贸易增长模式向以资金和技术密集型为主的集约型增长模式转变,使技术密集型产业和资本密集型产业获得更多的政策支持。首先,今后我省外贸要更加注重统筹利用国内国外两个市场,使之互接互补,扩大内外需求。特别是培育国内市场尤其农村市场;在拓展国际市场时,要在巩固和发展美、日、欧等传统市场的同时,加大新兴市场的拓展力度,推进跨国经营,建立国际营销战略。其次,要更加注重统筹利用两种资源,加快制定实施境外资源利用战略,建立多元、稳定、可靠的境外资源供应基地,缓解国内短缺资源的约束;更加注重人力资源能力建设,把我省劳动力优势转化为国际竞争优势,提高吸纳新一轮产业转移的能力,充分发挥我省自身比较优势;要优化创业环境,处理好利用内资与外资的关系,以市场换技术,积极参与区域经济合作,大力发展服务贸易和技术贸易,努力扩大对外直接投资实施贸易与投资相互促进、共同发展的战略,推动国内科技和产业升级。此外,在对外开放中还要想尽办法节约资源、保护自然环境、保持生态平衡,绝不能以牺牲资源与环境为代价赚取一时的经济利益。