摘要：20世纪90年代以来，在我国改革开放政策不断发展、经济全球化趋势不断加快的情况下，跨国企业对华直接投资的步伐显著加快。在此种趋势下，我国已领先于美国以及部分欧洲国家成为吸收、利用外商直接投资最多的地区。但是，外商直接投资在我国也存在地域和行业分布上的不平衡。起初投资主要集中于东部长江三角洲区域，近十几年来，由于西部大开放的推进，跨国企业也把目光投向了中西部地区，逐步扩大了对中西部地区的投资趋势。外商对华直接投资非常重视我国地区间的区域环境特征和资源优势的利用。应对我国在外商直接投资中的不足，本文会在此基础上对我国东西部地区进行系统性的分析，在其之间建立共同纽带，找出其制约因素并提出相应的对策，以确保跨国企业在华投资的正确性。
Foreign Direct Investment(简称FDI)，此活动在全球极度活跃，成为世界经济领域的重中之重。因此怎样促进 FDI 在中国区域间的合理分布，在兼顾公平与效率的前提下规范和引导各地区适度利用 FDI，促进区域经济协调、稳健地发展无疑成为目前亟待解决的问题。基于此种情况，本文运用理论分析对这方面问题进行了综合论证并给出了一定的政策和建议，再运用实证分析方法考察区位优势的阶段性变化。文章还对区位优势处于转型期的地区的政策调整提出了一系列建议。
本文并没有同一般 FDI 理论从投资方的角度进行分析，而是以输入方的利益特别是现今最大的 FDI 输入国——中国的利益为研究对象，通过对关于FDI区位选择的相关理论的梳理并对我国东西部区位分布现状及特征进行分析，并在此基础上，分析了中国东西部的市场潜力。本文首先对论文涉及的相关概念进行了界定，整理了FDI相关理论并深入研究我国FDI的发展历程和区位分布;在理论与现实的基础上，提出FDI在华区位选择的影响因素；最后对FDI在华区位选择影响因素进行了分析,并分析其动态变化;最后针对东西部地区吸引FDI提出相应的实施建议。在分析过程中针对目前FDI在中国的发展进行了实质的总结。
关键词：FDI 区域环境特征 资源优势 市场潜力
ABSTRACT：Since the 90 s, in the continuous development of reform and opening up policy in China, the accelerating economic globalization, multinational companies will be increased remarkably if the pace of foreign direct investment in China. In this trend, our country has been leading in the United States and some European countries, the absorption and use of foreign direct investment is the most areas. However, there are regional and industry distribution imbalance in our country. Initially investment mainly concentrated in the eastern Yangtze River delta region, in recent years, due to the openness, western multinational companies also look to the Midwest region, gradually expand the investment in the central and western regions. Foreign direct investment plays a considerable role in China, occupy the important position. Continue to attract multinational enterprise invest in China is also one of our top priority, It is important to our economic development .Foreign direct investment in China attaches great importance to the regional environment characteristics and between regions. This paper will be based on the systematic analysis of the regional, make the common bond between eastern, central and western, in order to ensure the correctness of the multinational companies to invest in China.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI for short), this activity is extremely active in the whole world, becoming the world's top priority in the field of economy. So how to promote the reasonable distribution between the FDI in China area, on the premise of both fairness and efficiency standard and guide regional moderate use of FDI, promoting regional economic coordination and steadily development will no doubt become a problem to be solved now. Based on the situation, this paper comprehensively demonstrates the theory analysis on this problem and presents some policies and Suggestions, and using empirical analysis method considering phase change of location advantages. The article also on the geographical advantage in transition area of the policy adjustment a series of Suggestions were put forward.
This article does not with the general theory of FDI is analyzed from the Angle of investment square, but to enter party interests, especially in today's biggest FDI importer, China's interests as the research object, through the combing on the relevant theories of location selection of FDI and the geographical distribution of FDI in our country present situation and characteristics is analyzed, and on this basis, put forward innovative attract FDI locational competition strategy. This article first defined the concept involved in the thesis, the FDI theories and in-depth study of China's FDI development and location distribution; The theoretical review and based on the analysis of the status quo, put forward the influence factors of FDI in greater choice; Finally, FDI in greater choice influence factor regression analysis, and analyzes the dynamic change; Finally based on the implementation of the western region to attract FDI, put forward the corresponding suggestions. Also found in the process of analysis the factors influencing the location advantages of the new industrial cluster, as well as multinational companies with the interaction relationship of industrial cluster.
Key Words：FDI；The regional environmental characteristics；Location of competitive strategy；Industrial cluster
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