摘要:随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化的发展,21世纪,没有哪一个国家能够完全脱离与世界经济的联系而孤立的求得本国经济的迅速发展。各国通过对外贸易,取得了所需要的资源、市场、技术、经验等,这些无疑加速了经济的发展,中国亦然。自从2001年11月10日入世以来,中国的对外贸易取得了很大的发展,其发展态势日益受到世贸组织成员、中国社会各阶层的密切关注。据海关统计,截至2008年,我国进出口贸易总额排名世界第三,而截至2010年,我国已成为世界第一贸易大国。能够取得这样的成果,与我国不断调整的贸易政策有密切的关系。我国现行的贸易战略是出口导向战略,这一战略为我国经济发展做出了重要贡献。它不仅为中国创造了大量的就业机会,而且对中国的经济结构调整和技术进步产生着极大的促进作用。但是,这一贸易战略还是不完美,引发了一系列的问题如我国行业垄断问题突出、产业结构单一欠发达和贸易摩擦增多等。在这种情况下,我国应根据实际情况并结合具体来调整现行贸易政策,转变发展方式,解决贸易中出现的问题和纠纷,以实现对外贸易和经济增长的协调、健康和持续发展。
关键词:转变发展方式 对外贸易政策 外贸政策调整
ABSTRACT:With the development of economic globalization and regional economic integration,21 century, no country can be completely out of contact with the world economy and achieve rapid economic development. States through foreign trade to obtain the required resources, markets, technology, experience, which definitely accelerate economic development,so dose China. Since the November 10, 2001 accession to the WTO,China has achieved a great development in foreign trade. And its development has attracted the WTO members’ and all levels’ of Chinese society attention .According to customs statistics, As of 2008, China's total import and export volume ranks third in the world, but by the end of 2010, China has become the world biggest trading country. Able to achieve such results, have a close relationship with China continues to adjust trade policy.When considering trade policy, China current employ export-oriented strategy. This strategy makes important contributions to economic development of our country; not only it creates numerous employment opportunities, it also facilitates adjustment of the economic structure and technological progress. However, this strategy has many shortcomings, which lead to a series of problems such as outstanding industrial monopoly, a single and less developed industrial structure and more and more trade friction. Under such circumstance, Our country should be based on the actual situation and combining the concrete to adjust the current trade policy, transform development pattern, To solve problems and disputes in trade,so as to harmonize the international trade and economy development in a coordinate, healthy and sustainable way.
Keywords: Transform Development Pattern; Foreign Trade Policy; Foreign Trade Policy Adjustment
我们应积极发挥宏观调控的作用,促进国内产业结构的优化升级,提高商品的技术水平,增强商品的国际市场竞争力,积极融入经济全球化、推进区域经济一体化形式的合作,努力打破区域贸易壁垒,营造一个良好的国际贸易环境。改变单一的经济模式,促进经济增长方式的转变,是科学发展观在外贸领域的重要表现,是坚持对外开放与国内经济统筹发展的迫切需要,是提高我国综合国力和国际竞争力的必然要求。如今,中国加入WTO承诺的义务虽然已经基本完成,但并不意味着中国对外开放步伐的停滞,而是需要继续融入到经济全球化过程之中。积极学习国际贸易知识,掌握国际贸易规则,既要遵循国际惯例,坚定不移和积极主动地参与经济全球化,灵活有效地运用WOT有关协议中的保护条款及其框架内许可的非关税壁垒措施,利用有效的多边贸易规则约束和抵制贸易保护主义行为,引导企业竞争观念的更新和实现非价格竞争的市场经济秩序,维护本国企业的合法权益。坚持独立自主、平等互利的对外贸易原则,扩大内需,积极开拓国内市场,农村市场,同时进一步扩大对外开放,使对外贸易政策符合经济发展的需要。一个经济系统只有在开放中才是安全的,对于不断发展的中国来说,只有更加开放,才能确保中国的经济安全和持续发展,才能保障中国应有贸易利益的实现。