分析家庭代际关系与养老方式.doc

摘要：家庭代际关系是社会代际关系的浓缩，同时也是联系家庭成员关系的重要纽带和渠道，是影响养老方式的因素之一。它是一个具体的历史的范畴，随着社会的变迁，会发生相应的变化。传统的中国以自给自足的农业社会为特征，在思想上深受社会制度和宗法制度的影响，随着改革开放的实行，中国社会发生了天翻地覆的变化。有关代际关系的研究引起了我国学者的广泛关注，各个领域的学者们分别从社会学、文化人类学和人口学等视角对代际关系进行了分析和研究，并且陆续出现了不少有价值的成果。本文将采用文献研究的方法对家庭代际关系与养老方式现有的研究成果进行分析和总结，希望能发现当代老年人赡养中存在的问题，为促进养老问题的解决提供某种可能性。

关键词：代际关系；家庭养老；社会养老

Abstract:Family inter-generational relationship is not only an enrichment of the society, but also an important connection among family members which plays an important role in enhancing intergenerational communication. It is also one of the most important factors which affect the care giving for the aged. As a specific historical category, the family inter-generational relationship, along with social change, will have corresponding changes. Traditional China was characterized by self-sufficient agriculture and was deeply influenced by the social system and religious institution. With the implementation of the opening-up policy, China has undergone earth-shaking change. Researches on intergenerational relationships have attracted wide attention of Chinese scholars of various fields. They have analyzed and studied intergenerational relationships from different perspectives, such as sociology, cultural anthropology and demography. Valuable research results have been reached. This essay adopts the method documentary research to analyze and summarize previous research results, in the hope of finding the questions which exist in care giving for the aged.

Key words: generational relationship; family support for the elderly; society support for the elderly

　　　代际关系一直是学者所关注的问题，但由于我国社会相对比较传统和稳定，社会结构和文化变迁缓慢，家庭结构和家庭内代际关系长期以来变化并不显著。而近三十年来，随着社会转型、文化变迁，代际关系在日常生活中日益明显。另外，受人口生育政策的影响和人口老龄化、高龄化程度的不断加深，家庭结构和规模均出现了显著的变化，代际关系和养老问题日益引起了学术界的广泛关注，形成了较多的研究成果。此外，《家庭代际关系对养老方式的影响》这个课题相对比较宏观，涉及到历史时期的变迁，范围较广，因此，笔者选择以文献法作为研究方法，在前人的研究基础上，对他们的研究成果进行整理和分析分析，并提出自己的观点。