Abstract：From the 1960s, the study of linguistic sexism has been developed vigorously as the women’s liberation movement spread out. Generally, there are four approaches to the study of linguistic sexism: the feminist approach, the conventional approach, the approach from men’s study, and the sociolinguistic approach. The approach from men’s study is a completely new theory which appeared at the end of the 1980s. In the past, linguists home and abroad usually study the problem of linguistic sexism from the feminine perspective and few from the masculine perspective. This paper first of all summarizes the development stages of linguistic sexism study, followed by an introduction of several different approaches. Later, the article employs the approach of men’s study, attempting to compare the similarities of anti-male bias usage in English and in Chinese from three aspects, which are gender-exclusive language, gender-restrictive language, and masculinization of evil. With abundant examples, the paper aims at proving that the male, like the female, can be preys of linguistic sexism, arousing people’s attention to anti-male bias in language.
Key words: linguistic sexism; anti-male bias; similarity; English; Chinese
中文摘要:自20世纪60年代起，语言性别歧视研究随着女性解放运动的展开而得到蓬勃发展。一般而言，语言性别歧视研究有四种不同的学术观点，它们分别是：女性主义的观点，约定俗成的观点，男性研究的观点，以及社会语言学的观点。其中，男性研究的观点是20世纪80年代末出现的一种全新的理论。以往国内外的语言学家大多从女性的角度出发研究语言性别歧视问题，极少有人从男性的角度出发对此进行探讨。本文先总结了语言性别歧视研究的发展阶段，并介绍了几种不同的学术观点。之后，文章试图采用男性研究的观点，从排除异性语言，性别有定语言和罪孽联想男性化三个方面比较中英文中针对男性的语言性别歧视现象的共同点，旨在通过列举大量实例证明男性同女性一样可能成为语言性别歧视的牺牲品，引起人们对针对男性的语言性别歧视现象的关注。
关键词：语言性别歧视; 男性偏见; 共同点; 中文; 英文
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