单片机控制的步进电机系统.doc

摘要:51单片机的应用极为广泛,几乎遍及各个领域,在工业实时控制领域也不例外。在工业控制系统中，通常要控制机械部件的平移和转动，这些机械部件的驱动大都采用交流电机、直流电机、和步进电机。在这三种电机中，步进电机最适合于数字控制，因此它在数控机床等设备中得到了广泛应用。

　　本设计主要是运用51单片机控制4相步进电机系统，用C语言编写出电机的正转、反转、加速、减速、停止程序，通过单片机、电机的驱动芯片ULN2003以及相应的按键实现以上功能。本文中给出了步进电机以及单片机原理、该系统的硬件电路、软件设计，并对各个功能模块进行了详细的说明。该设计具有思路明确、可靠性高、稳定性强等特点，通过调试实现了上述功能。

关键词：单片机; 步进电机; 驱动

Abstract:51 MCU application is very wide, almost all areas, in the industrial control field is no exception. In the industrial control system, usually to control the mechanical components of the translation and rotation, the mechanical parts of the drive most of the AC motor, DC motor, and the stepper motor. In the three motor, stepper motor is most suitable for digital control, so it has been widely applied in CNC machine tools and other equipment.

　　This design is the use of51 single-chip microcomputer to control the4 phase stepping motor system, using C language out of the motor positive rotation, reverse, acceleration, deceleration, stopping the program, through the microcontroller, motor drive chip ULN2003as well as the corresponding keys to achieve the above functions. This paper gives the stepper motor and the principle of single-chip computer, the system hardware circuit, software design, and the function of each module in detail. The design has the advantages of clear thinking, high reliability, strong stability and other characteristics, the functions are achieved through debugging.

Key Words：Single chip microcomputer;  stepper motor;  drive