姚剧的起源与发展方向_音乐学.doc

摘要：姚剧，作为吴语系滩簧类地方剧种的一支，诞生于浙东余姚，脱胎于当地民间说唱艺术“姚滩”，至今已有二百五十余年的历史。经历了多个世纪的兴衰，1956年，“姚滩”改名为“姚剧”，同年，“余姚滩簧小组”正式改名为“余姚姚剧团”。在长达半个世纪的不同年代中，姚剧工作人员在编剧与导演、演员、剧目的创作、音乐的发展、舞美和表演技能上不断的进行革新，其培养了许多姚剧后备人才，一大批剧目脱颖而出，并且在浙江省乃至全国重大戏剧赛事中屡获大奖，成为浙江省地方小剧种发展的典范。

关键词:  姚滩；生存与发展；兴衰；余姚姚剧团；革新； 典范

Abstract:As a part of local opera of Tanhuang series in Wuyu.Yaoju, was came of Yuyao in eastern Zhejiang province. It was transformed from traditional local arts of talking and singing since two hundred and fifty years ago. After went through several drama changes in decades, in 1956, its name had changed into Yaoju. Meanwhile the Group of YuyaoTanhuang had renamed into Troupe of YuyaoTanhuang. Via revolution in factors, including music, stage setting and performance,as well as incitement and performance of modern times opera, a number of Yaoju performers had well trained. At the same time, large quantities of opera had appeared, besides they had won prizes and awards during states even national opera championship. Finally, Yaoju turns into the nonesuch within the development of local opera in Zhejiang province.

KeyWords: Yaotan; existence and development；rise and decline ； Yuyao Opera Troupe ；reformation ；model

　　　余姚乃浙东名葩、文献名邦，举世闻名的河姆渡原始社会遗址所在地，影响深远的思想家王阳明、黄宗曦的故乡，我国古代戏曲南戏四大声腔之一余姚腔的发源地，又是著名的四明山浙东抗日革命根据地。姚江两岸所孕育和发展起来的戏剧和曲艺，源远流长、历史悠久，有着浓郁的地方性和民间性。从余姚滩簧发展壮大起来的姚剧，是余姚戏剧发展最具代表性的剧种，也是浙江省地方小剧种发展的范例。