地方治理与公民参与的困境与途径选择_行政管理.doc

摘要:在全球化浪潮的影响下，政治民主化的发展，使得世界各国都在推行政府治理的变革。公民作为地方治理的对象及参与者，在政府治理过程中扮演着重要的角色，公民参与存在于各种政府管理的领域，包括政府政策的提出、制定、实施与反馈。公民参与作为地方政府治理的重要内容，参与机制中存在的各种问题就需要很好的解决，一方面是政府自上而下的政策制定实行过程，另一方面是公民自下而上的反馈与监督。

　　本文采用社群理论、治理理论和多中心治理的相关理论基础，从地方政府和公民个人两个方面入手，分析他们之间的现状及关联，指出公民参与中存在的问题及原因。通过借鉴国外的治理理念及国内的现状国情，提出解决问题的方法：即地方政府转变治理理念、公民个人提高参与意识、完善公民参与制度，从而达到政府与公民的双赢。

关键词: 地方治理 ；公民参与 ；政府改革； 制度创新

Abstract:Under the influence of globalization, political democratization makes countries in the world implement government governance reforms. citizen as local governance object and participants in government management process, actor important role, the citizen participation exists in various government management areas, including government policy formulation, implementation and put forward, feedback. The citizen participation as an important content of local government governance, participation mechanism of various problems existing in need good solve, on one hand, the government top-down policy implement process, on the other hand is a citizen of bottom-up feedback and supervision. 

　　This paper adopts community theory, control theory and the related theory of multi-agency management foundation, local government and individual citizens from two aspects, analysis the present situation and correlation between them, points out the problems existing in the citizen participation, and why. Through the use for reference foreign management ideas and domestic situation, proposed national solutions to solve the problem: namely, the local government change management concept, individual citizens to improve participation, perfect the citizen participation system, so as to achieve a win-win situation between government and citizens.

Keywords: local governance  civil participation  governmental reform  system innovation

当代中国地方治理是为了更好地适应经济全球化、政治民主化的发展。因此，必须在我国特定的社会背景、政治文化环境中健全中国地方政府治理方式，让公民参与在地方治理进程中展示中国特有的风采和魅力，这需要政府、公民、社会组织共同努力，不断完善治理方式和制度，促进公民社会的繁荣，从而构建富有中国特色的社会主义政治体制和治理模式。