摘要：近来年，随着我国国民经济的快速发展，城乡一体化建设的大力推进，城市中存在的交通拥挤、道路堵塞和交通事故频发等诸多交通问题显现出来。这些问题不仅影响城市居民的正常生活，也制约了城市经济的健康发展。究其原因，除交通基础设施建设不能满足快速增长的交通需求之外，交通结构的不合理也是一个重要因素，主要表现在以下三个方面:（1）公共交通服务水平较低；（2）自行车拥有量居高不下；（3）私家车保有量激增。这些原因使得城市交通问题日趋严重，并且伴随着经济的快速持续发展，我国机动车保有量还将进一步增长。因此为了减轻交通压力，公交成为了人们出行的主力军，人们应该更多的选择乘坐公共交通工具，因此提高公交吸引力就显得尤为重要，如何才能提高公交吸引力，就需要使公交更加合理化，增强公交线路布局的合理性，只有这样才能有效减轻城市交通需求与交通基础设施供给之间越来越突出的矛盾，缓解交通压力，而目前我国城市交通线路规划还不够合理。本文基于层次分析法对公交线路适应度进行分析研究，根据建立适应度指标，判定线路设计的合理性。
关键词：层次分析法 公交线路 适应度 评价指标体系
ABSTRACT:Recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, vigorously promote urban-rural integration construction, that exist in the urban traffic congestion, frequent road congestion and traffic accidents and other traffic problems emerge. These problems not only affects the normal life of urban residents, also restricted the healthy development of urban economy. Investigate its reason, in addition to traffic infrastructure construction can't meet the rapid growth of traffic demand, traffic structure is unreasonable is also an important factor, mainly manifested in the following three aspects: (1) the low level of public transport services; (2) bicycle ownership is high; (3) in the graph, private car ownership surged. These reasons make urban traffic problem is increasingly serious, and is accompanied by the rapid economic sustainable development, our country will also hinder further growth. So in order to alleviate traffic pressure, public transport has become a mainstay of travel, people should choose to take public transport more, and therefore improve the bus attraction is particularly important, how to improve the bus, you need to make public transport more rationalization, enhanced bus lines the rationality of the layout, only in this way can effectively relieve urban traffic demand and traffic infrastructure increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and ease traffic pressure, but at present our country city traffic route planning is not reasonable enough. In this paper, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to analyze bus lines fitness research, according to the fitness index, determining the rationality of circuit design.
Keywords：Analytic hierarchy process；Evaluation of routes； fitness ；Evaluation indicators system
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