外需减缓背景下我国外贸出口困境的成因与对策分析.doc

摘要:外贸出口是我国经济增长不可或缺的重要支撑，也是企业做大做强、发展壮大的重要途径。外贸出口不仅能为企业带来直接经济效益，还能促使企业通过引进、消化和吸收国外先进技术和管理方法，进一步改进和提高产品质量，增强企业竞争力，在国际竞争中立于不败之地。外贸出口更能拉动经济增长，提升我国的国际经济地位。然而，改开以来我国长期奉行的高度外向型的粗放增长模式，致使我国外贸出口结构的改善和升级严重滞后，国际分工产业链的中低端定位更使我国在席卷全球的金融危机冲击下举步维艰，全球贸易保护主义抬头和国际贸易摩擦的加剧进一步使我国外贸出口企业陷入困境。因此，从政府、产业和企业多个层面全方位探寻因应之策，在加强国际合作、稳定预期，并适时调整国内收入分配机制、积极扩大内需的同时，通过构筑高效产业链，实现产业整合，推动我国出口贸易结构的转型升级，是应对危局，促进我国外经贸可持续发展的可行途径。

关键词：外需减缓  外向型  贸易摩擦  出口结构  产业链

Abstract:Foreign trade exports to China's economic growth is an indispensable support, also is enterprise bigger and stronger, development and expansion of the important way. Foreign trade export not only brings direct economic benefits for enterprises, to promote the enterprise through the introduction, digestion and absorption of advanced foreign technology and management, further improve and improve product quality, strengthen the competitive power of enterprise, and in the international competition . Foreign trade export more to stimulate economic growth, enhancing China international economic status. However, a change in our country since the height of the long-held export-oriented extensive growth mode of, cause our export structure improvement and upgrade the serious lag, international labor division of industry chain low-end positioning more make our country in across the global financial crisis impact crippled, global trade protectionism growth and the international trade friction intensified further that our export enterprise in trouble. Therefore, from the government, industry and enterprise multiple levels to explore all of policy, the strengthening of international cooperation, stable in expectations, and timely adjust domestic income distribution mechanism, and actively expand domestic demand but through constructing efficient industry chain, realize the integration of production, promoting China's export trade structure upgrade and is coping with crisis of promoting China's foreign trade and economic cooperation of the sustainable development of a feasible way.  

Key Words：Slowing economy   Extroversion   Trade friction   The export structure   Industrial chain

　　　对外部市场的高度依赖，使外向型经济受世界经济环境的制约较大，其兴衰易于受国际市场波动的影响和国际垄断资本的控制，具有一定的风险性。改革开放以来，我国经济迅速发展,出口额及外贸总额持续增长。但与此同时,国内消费与投资比例的加速失衡，以及粗放模式下对外需市场的严重依赖，形成了我国高度外向型的经济增长模式。在全球金融危机的冲击下，其困扰与隐患延续至今。顺利实现外经贸发展模式的转型升级，提高内需对国内生产总值（GDP）的贡献率，提振普通居民消费水平，是突破羁绊，实现我社会国经济长期稳定健康发展的关键。