摘要：石油的开采、储存、运输和加工过程都会对环境产生污染，目前受到石油污染的土壤日益增多。微生物修复技术作为一种新型的环境修复技术，具有很多优点，而获得高效的石油降解菌是该技术的关键。本文是从长期受石油污染的油泥土中，分离纯化出一株能高效降解石油的菌株ST-1，并进行菌种鉴定。菌种鉴定研究结果初步判定ST-1菌株为铜绿假单胞菌，菌属为假单胞菌属。ST-1菌株的生长对数期在0~24h，56h后进入衰亡期。最适生长条件研究结果表明，ST-1菌株的最适生长pH为8.0，最适生长温度为37℃，最适生长盐度是15g/L，在pH6.8~9.0、33~40℃、盐度10g/L-25g/L之间都能良好生长。ST-1菌株的最适利用碳源为蔗糖，也能很好的利用牛肉膏、葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉和柠檬酸三钠，该菌株在有机氮源中对牛肉膏的利用最好，无机氮源中对尿素的利用最好。
关键词：石油降解菌；分离纯化；菌种鉴定；ST-1菌株；最适生长条件
Abstract：The production, storage, transport and processing of petroleum will all produce environmental pollution, and at present the number of petroleum-contaminated soil is increasing. As a new kind of environmental remediation technologies, microbial remediation technology has many advantages and the key to this technology is getting efficient petroleum-degrading strain. In this article, from the oily soil which was long-term contaminated by petroleum, we separate out and purify one petroleum-degrading strain named ST-1 which can degrade petroleum efficiently, and conduct a strain identification on it. The results of the strain identification research judge preliminary that the strain ST-1 is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the species of its genus is Pseudomonas. The strain ST-1 enters logarithmic growth phase between 0 hours to 24 hours, and then entered decline phase after 56 hours. The strain ST-1’s optimal growth pH is 8.0, and its optimal growth temperature is 37 oC, and its optimal salinity is 15g/L, and its optimal pH range is 6.8 to 9.0, and its optimal temperature range is 33 to 40 oC, and its optimal salinity range is 10g/L to 25g/L. The most optimal carbon source which can be made good use of of the strain ST-1 is sucrose, it also can make good use of beef paste, glucose, soluble starch and sodium citrate, and the strain makes the best use of beef paste in organic nitrogen sources, when it makes the best use of urea in inorganic nitrogen sources.
Keywords: petroleum-degrading strain; separation and purification; strain identification; the strain ST-1; optimal growth conditions
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