活性传承元江哈尼棕扇舞的研究--XX中学为例.doc

摘 要：一切文化的发展，都离不开人类的日常生活。非物质文化遗产是各族人民在时代不断更替中产生的结晶。有些文化消失了，有些文化变样了，不再是原汁原味的民族风味。在保护非物质文化遗产呼吁声越来越高的今天，哈尼棕扇舞作为云南省级非物质文化遗产之一，没能得到更好的发展，反而因许多因素而越来越少见。但是如果这个民族依然保留着适于民间文化生存的民俗活动空间，这项传统文化就有发展的空间。2006年，哈尼棕扇舞被列入云南省级非物质文化遗产名录中，是玉溪市元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县具有特色和代表性的传统民间舞蹈之一。哈尼棕扇舞主要流行于元江县羊街、那诺乡哈尼聚集地，在原生态的自然栖息地里有它发展的空间。人们忙于为生活到处奔波，而留守家中的老人小孩就成了哈尼文化的传承者。哈尼棕扇舞只是偶尔在祭祀等场合才举行。如果不将棕扇舞在更大的场合推广举行，而是仅仅局限于祭祀活动的话，会让越来越多的年轻人将其遗忘，甚至不知道有这样的舞蹈。本文应用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法，到那诺中学实地调查研究。并得到乡政府及其学校相关领导的支持，对于本文的研究起到了关键作用。那诺中学拥有得天独厚的地理环境为优势，从体育的视角解析棕扇舞的独特之处。提出在那诺中学开展哈尼棕扇舞并传承下去的各种方式，哈尼棕扇舞具有很强的观赏性、娱乐性、协调性、表现力、保持有氧代谢过程和健身的安全性等功能。将该民族舞蹈大范围传播、普及开来不仅可以使其他民族，甚至是其他国家的人更好地了解哈尼族文化和哈尼族传统。同时，将哈尼棕扇舞与体育完美结合也可紧跟时代的步伐，与当下流行的有氧健身运动达到同步接轨。利用元江县那诺乡特殊的地域、民族氛围，在认识、了解哈尼棕扇舞的基础上，结合当下的社会现状和社会需要进行调查、分析，从而根据哈尼棕扇舞的综合性特征进行可行性研究，把哈尼族棕扇舞引入那诺中学。把体育教育作为一种手段，突出娱乐性和对艺术美的追求，达到强身健体的效果，最为重要的是还起到了保护和传承好非物质文化遗产的作用。不仅活跃了校园文化生活，且在一定条件为当地的文化交流起到了促进作用，为哈尼棕扇舞传延发展有很大的帮助，而如何更好地把哈尼棕扇舞传承下去，学校这一活性传承的地方必不可少。

关键词：原生态；棕扇舞；非物质文化；体育传承

ABSTRACT：All culture development, is inseparable from the daily life of human beings. Intangible cultural heritage is the people of all ethnic groups in times continuously produce replacement of crystallization. Some culture disappeared, some culture, is no longer the hope of authentic national flavor. Protection of the intangible cultural heritage in calling for sound more and more high today, haney brown fan dance as yunnan provincial intangible cultural heritage, didn't get one of the better development of many factors, but because more and more rare. But if the nation still retains its suitable for folk cultural survival folk activity space, the traditional culture has space for development. In 2006, haney brown fan dance was listed in yunnan provincial non-material cultural heritage list, including yuanjiang hani yi is dai autonomous county yuxi city features and one of the traditional folk dance representative. Haney brown fan dance including yuanjiang county sheep main popular in street, that's in the original township haney rendezvous, the natural breath the ground has its development space. People are busy for life, while staying home travel around the old man child became haney culture inheritance person. Haney brown fan dance only occasionally sacrifices held on occasions. If not will brown door in the greater dance of occasions, but limited promotion held in ritual activities, you will make more and more young people will its forgotten, and even don't know how such a dance. This paper based on literature, questionnaire, interview method, logic analysis and other methods, to the on-site research's middle school. The township government and the school and get the support of relevant leaders for the study, plays a key role. That's high school boasts abundant geographical environment for advantage from sports perspective, analytical brown fan dance unique. In the forward's high school dance and develop haney brown door pass all sorts of means, haney brown fan dance has a strong appreciation, entertaining, coordination and expressive, keep aerobic fitness security metabolic processes and etc. Will this national dance big range from spread and popularization can not only make other ethnic groups, and even other countries a better understanding of the hani nationality of the hani nationality culture and tradition. At the same time, will haney brown fan dancing with sports perfect combination can also follow the pace of The Times, and then pop aerobic fitness movement achieve synchronization standards. Use including yuanjiang county that debbi township special geographical, national atmosphere in understanding, understanding haney, on the basis of brown fan dance, combining the current social status and social needs, and investigate and analyze the brown fan dance according to haney comprehensive features of the hani nationality feasibility study, introducing the Norwich fan dance brown middle school. The physical education as a means of prominent entertaining and pursuit of beauty of art, achieve physical fitness effect, the most important is also played the protection and inheritance good intangible cultural heritage role. Not only active campus culture life, and in certain conditions for local cultural exchange, plays a role in promoting for haney brown fan dance preach extension development are of great help, and how to better put haney brown fan dance, pass the school where a active inheritance is indispensable. 

Keywords: original; Palm fan dance; Intangible cultural; Sports inheritance