【摘要】 物理作为现代科学技术发展的中流砥柱学科，对于国家的发展和建设具有十分重要的意义和作用。而物理教育的强弱就在一定程度上决定了一个国家科学技术未来的发展。我国是一个教育大国，但是，与美国日本相比中国还远不是一个教育强国，而物理教育更是如此。因此，我国目前的物理教育方法和评价手段一定还存在着一定的问题和不足。为我国物理教育提供一个比较合理和完善的评价方法，以便给日常的物理教学活动以及物理考试的命题科学合理的指导作用迫在眉睫。如何评价一个学生学习物理的能力一直就是广大物理教育工作者关注和思考的问题。对于怎样评价才是科学合理的，国内外都有不同的看法。而国际上正在进行的“国际学生评估项目”(PISA, Programme for International Students Assessment)和增值(Value-added)评价计划给我们提供了一个很好的研究资源。希望通过对PISA和增值计划的初步研究以及对其它的一些调查结果进行分析，并且在分析过程中借助于国际上流行的数据挖掘分析软件SPSS(现已更名为PASW Statistics)，能够得出一个比较合理的学生物理学习能力评价方法。
【关键词】 PISA 增值 物理能力 能力评价
Abstract: As the backbone of modern science and technology, physics plays a significant role in the country's development and construction. The conditions of physics education, to a certain extent, determine the future of a country's science and technology development. China is a big country of education, but compared with the United States and Japan China is far from an educational power, not to speak of physical education. Therefore, China's current physical education and evaluation methods must still exist some problems and shortcomings. It is high on agenda to devise a more reasonable and faultless evaluation method for physics education activities and to provide scientific guidance for daily physics education activities and the proposition of daily physical examination. How to evaluate the students' studying ability of physics has been concerned by the overflowing majority of physics educators. Views on which evaluation way is scientific and reasonable are different at home and abroad. The ongoing Programme for International Students Assessment (PISA for short) and the Added Value evaluation plan provide us with excellent research resources. I hope that, via the preliminary study of PISA and Added Value and the analysis by means of the internationally popular data mining analysis software SPSS (now renamed PASW Statistics),a reasonable evaluation of students' physics learning ability can be drawn..
Key words: PISA Added Value Physics Learning Ability Evaluation of Ability
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