摘要:本文研究了聚氨酯（PU）微囊化聚磷酸铵（APP）膨胀型阻燃剂的制备及其在聚丙烯（PP）材料中的应用。使用一种异氰酸酯混合物（PMDI），与赛克（THEIC）在APP表面进行溶液聚合反应，制备膨胀型阻燃微胶囊（MCAPP）以及PP/MCAPP阻燃复合材料。对产物MCAPP进行红外光谱、溶解度、热失重等测试分析，对PP/MCAPP进行热失重、相容性、阻燃性能、拉伸强度以及燃烧性能等测试分析。测试结果表明：MCAPP中出现明显的聚氨酯特征峰；MCAPP的溶解度相比纯APP降低了68.1%；初始分解温度（T-5wt%）为291.5℃，比纯APP有所降低；对APP进行包覆后可以提高PP/MCAPP复合材料的热稳定性和相容性；加入MCAPP的PP/MCAPP复合材料的极限氧指数达到33；其最大热释放速率与PP相比下降70%，总热释放量下降17.7%。因此合成的微胶囊化膨胀型阻燃剂可以提高阻燃体系的阻燃性能与热稳定性，同时相容性与力学性能也得到了提升。
关键词：聚磷酸铵；赛克；微胶囊；耐水性；相容性
Abstract：This paper researched the microencapsulation of ammonium polyphosphate（APP） with a polyurethane shell and its application on polypropylene(PP). Using of theic and a mixture of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) prepare the microencapsule of APP by solution polymerization on the surface of APP.MCAPP was then incorporated into PP. The properties of the product were studied by using the fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and cone calorimeter(CONE).The characteristic peaks of polyurethane appeared obviously. The water solubility of MCAPP decreased 68.1%. The product of the T-5wt% is 291.5℃，And MCAPP can enhance its thermal stability and compatibility of PP/MCAPP. The limiting oxygen index(LOI)values of the PP/MCAPP composites can reach 33. The composites’ HRR and THR decreased 70% and17.7%. Compared to APP, MCAPP possesses better flame retardancy and thermal stability, and the compatibility and tensile strength are improved．
Key words：Ammonium Polyphosphate；Theic；Microcapsule；water solubility；compatibility
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