摘 要:本实验分为两部分，第一部分是分析冶炼厂烟囱周围的土壤是否重金属含量超过国家土壤环境质量相应的标准。方法为采集冶炼厂烟囱周围被重金属污染的土壤，研究其Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd的形态分布及其生物活性和迁移性。结果表明：土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd的总量都超过国家土壤环境质量相应的标准。然后再进行第二部分的研究，第二部分是查阅相关的文献资料，找出适宜本地环境生长的超富集植物，本实验选择了龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英作为实验对象，把龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英的种子种植在被重金属污染的土壤上，另外选取没有被重金属污染的土壤作为对照实验，同样把龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英的种子种植在上面，种植时间为五个月，待植物成熟，收获植物，分别对植物的根、茎、叶进行总重金属含量的分析，同时对种植龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英的污染土壤也进行总重金属的分析。结果表明：龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英中的Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd含量都很高，而种植在污染土壤上的龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英中的Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd含量都远远高于种植在对照土壤中的。实验说明：龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英都不是超富集植物，但它们都能很好的吸收土壤中的Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd，我们当地的冶炼厂可以采用种植龙葵、小白酒花和蒲公英的方式来达到修复污染土壤的目的，从而改善我们的生活环境。
关键词：重金属；污染土壤；植物修复；超富集植物
ABSTRACT:The experiment was divided into two parts, the first is to analyze whether the smelter chimney heavy metals in the soil around the soil environmental quality than the corresponding national standards. Methods for the collection smelter chimney surrounded by heavy metal pollution of soil, to study the Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd and biological activity of species distribution and migration. The results showed: the soil Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in excess of the amount of the corresponding national soil environmental quality standards. Then the second part of the study, the second part is access to the relevant literature, to identify suitable growth of the local environment hyperaccumulator, Solanum nigrum chosen this experiment, white hops and dandelion as subjects, the Solanum nigrum , white dandelion seeds, and hops grown in soil contaminated by heavy metals, other heavy metals have not been selected as the control experiment the soil, also the black nightshade, white hops and above the dandelion seeds planted, planting time is five months, until plant maturity, harvest plants, respectively, on plant roots, stems and leaves of the analysis of the total heavy metal content, while cultivation of Solanum nigrum, white dandelion raw hops and also the total heavy metal contaminated soil analysis. The results showed that: nightshade, white dandelion in hops and Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd concentration levels are high, and planted in contaminated soil on Solanum nigrum, white dandelion in hops and Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations are much higher than that grown in control soil. Experiment Description: nightshade, white dandelion are of hops and hyperaccumulator, which can be absorbed well in the soil Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd, we can use the local smelter plant of Solanum nigrum, a small white wine dandelion flowers and a way to achieve the purpose of remediation of contaminated soil to improve our living environment.
Keywords: Heavy metal pollution;Pollutants soil; Phytoremediation; Hyperaccumulaor
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