摘 要:生物质是指通过光合作用而形成的含有纤维素，半纤维素和木质素等成分的生物体，经过自然演变或是人类采伐后失去生理代谢功能的生物体材料。和其他类型的资源相比，生物质资源有可再生,对环境友好等优点。而现在利用生物质的方法都有资源浪费大，且对环境有害的缺点。为使生物质资源能够得到更加充分的利用，将生物质资源炭化可得到生物质炭化材料，通过对其进行物理性能方面的分析，在进行复合材料成型工艺的研究就可以得到新型的生物质炭化材料。
目前,生物质能利用转化有多种,有热化学转化、生物化学转化以及物理转化等,发展程度和水平亦不尽相同。如何选择适合当地发展的最优利用方案,不仅涉及到技术应用层面,同时关系到整个区域用能全局。
本文将从生物质的特性出发，在生物质利用，生物质炭化等方面对近几年的文献做一个综述讨论。虽然我们在这方面和国外有一定差距，但是同时在资源和某些技术研究方面我们还是有着优势，如果能充分利用优势，对我国资源的优化利用将有很大的意义。
关键词：生物质；炭化；发展现况；前景；文献综述
Abstract:The biomass is a material of organism which has cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin made by the photosynthesis and without the physiology through the changing of the nature or the activities of cutting by people. Compared with other kinds of resources, the biomass material could be reuse and environment-friendly material. But now, the methods of using biomass resources will waste a great quantity of materials and is harmful to the environment. For the further use of the biomass resources, the biomass materials are carbonized to biomass carbonization materials whose physical properties are analyzed, then the composites forming technical is studied to exploit the new type biomass carbonized composite material.
Now there are many ways to make use of the biomass energy, for example, thermal and chemical conversion, biological chemical conversion and the physics conversion, the developmental level is different too. So how to choose the most optimum utilization plan which is suitable for local development not only involves the technology application level, but also touches on the whole area energy-using global.
This article will start with the properties of the biomass material. We will talk about the summary on the discussion about the utilization of the biomass and biomass carbonization. Although we still have gaps with abroad in this respect, at the same time we have advantages in the resources and some technical research. If we could make full use of these advantages, it will have a great significance for the optimal utilization of the resources.
Key words: biomass, carbonization, development situation, prospect, literature summary.
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