摘要: 坡度是影响土壤侵蚀的重要因子,也是土壤侵蚀研究的重要内容。开展坡度影响土壤侵蚀的研究，是对水土保持基础理论研究具有重要的意义。取位于福建省长汀县河田镇2010年初新建的土壤侵蚀观测小区，通过自然降雨条件下连续6,7,8三个月共20次的观测，测出水位和泥沙量，分别计算出径流深度和土壤侵蚀量，分析裸土区坡度对土壤侵蚀的关系。结果表明，测量出径流深度最大值710.79mm，测量出土壤侵蚀最大值1.05kg。分析单坡度与径流深度的关系，统计模型最大值R2=0.93,最小值R2=0.65。分析坡度与土壤侵蚀的关系, 统计模型最大值R2=0.95，最小值R2=0.01。单次分析和各月分析下的坡度与径流深度的关系都比较稳定，坡度对径流深度没有很大的影响。但坡度对土壤侵蚀量的影响大，并且存在一个侵蚀转折坡度为25°。
关键词：坡度；土壤侵蚀 ；径流深度；转折坡度
Abstract: The slope is an important factor affecting soil erosion, soil erosion research. To carryout the study of slope soil erosion, soil and water conservation in basic theoretical research is of great significance .The address selected in HetianTown Changting County,a new soil erosion observation cell in early 2010. By the conditions of natural rainfall for June, three months a total of Twenty observations, the measured water levels and sediment loads were calculated runoff depth and soil erosion, analysis of the relationship between the bare soil area of slope on soil erosion. The results showed that the measurement of the maximum runoff depth 710.79mm measure soil erosion in the maximum 1.05kg. Analysis of the single-slope and runoff depth, the maximum statistical model R2 = 0.93, minimum R2 = 0.65. Analysis of slope and soil erosion in the relationship between the maximum statistical model R2 = 0.95, minimum R2 = 0.01.Single analysis and monthly analysis of the relationship of slope and runoff depth are relatively stable, and no great influence of slope on runoff depth. But the slope on the amount of soil erosion, and there is an erosion of the transition slope of 25 °.
Keywords: Slope; Soil Erosion; Runoff depth; transition slope
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