如何进行集合采购的有效管理_物流管理.doc

摘要:在社会化大生产和商品经济条件下，采购是工商企业生产经营活动的重要组成部分，随着市场竞争的日益激烈，企业对采购的要求越来越高。对于采购企业来说，降低采购成本对企业的发展有着重大的作用，因为采购物料成本占企业经营总成本的比例很大，一般都是约占产品成本的50﹪以上。我国的中小企业众多，占全国注册企业的99%以上。对中小企业而言，采购环节恰恰是其最薄弱的环节，这是由中小企业本身的特征所决定。中小企业的采购有其本身的特点，如采购周期长、单次采购数量少、批次多、采购品种多样化等采购特点。这样的采购特点使得企业的采购成本居高不下，阻碍了企业的发展。本文建议企业运用集合采购模式进行采购。但集合采购至今发展还不成熟，还存在很多的问题。本文在通过阅读大量文献资料的基础上，总结出了以下问题，即企业内部问题、在预期时间能集合到的采购总量问题、物流问题和对商家的控制力弱，了解不深的问题。并提出相应的解决途径。

关键词：集合采购；采购企业；采购计划；供应商

Abstract:Socialized production and the commodity economy under the conditions of social production, procurement is an important part of the production and business activities of industrial and commercial enterprises, with the increasingly fierce market competition, corporate procurement requirements. Enterprises have been procured, reduce procurement costs has a significant role in the development of enterprises, because a large proportion of the cost of procurement of materials accounted for the total cost of the business, are generally about 50% of the cost of the product. China's numerous small and medium enterprises, accounting for more than 99% of the country registered enterprises. Procurement chain for SMEs, it is precisely its weakest link, which is determined by the characteristics of the SMEs themselves. The procurement of small and medium enterprises have their own characteristics, and long procurement cycles, a single procurement of a small number of multi-batch, species diversity procurement purchasing characteristics. This purchase features make the high procurement costs, and hinder the development of enterprises. This paper recommends that companies use a collection of procurement to procurement. But since the collection of procurement development is not mature, there are still many problems. Text by reading a lot of literature on the basis of summed up the following issues, internal issues, in anticipation of collection to total procurement, logistics and business control weak to understand the deep. And propose solutions to countermeasure.

Keywords：Collection of procurement ；Procurement enterprises ；Procurement plan；Suppliers