Abstract: This paper, based on pragmatic theories concerning implicature and context, gives a presentation of common features of implicature in conversation: deducibility, cancelability, non-detachability, non-conventionality and indeterminacy. Besides, by using Gricean Maxims, this paper lists a series of concrete and effective strategies for full comprehension of implicature on the basis of some typical examples gathered by the author. Furthermore, by making thorough analyses of those examples, the author intends to help English learners to avoid mistakes out of the ignorance of the features of implicature in conversation as well as corresponding strategies for its comprehension: strategies of inducement, role-reminder, improving the occasion, sarcasm, making oblique charges and conversation-switching, with the help of which, English learners can get a profound understanding of implicature in conversation to some extent so as to improve their comprehension and application of English.
Key words: features; implicature; conversation; strategies; comprehension
摘要：本文基于语用学范畴中涉及言外之意的相关理论，总结了在会话中言外之意的一般特点，这些特点分别是可推导性、可取消性、不可分离性、非常规性和不确定性。除此之外，本文也列举了一系列典型的例子，旨在进一步加深对言外之意的理解，推导出具体的有效的理解策略。这些理解策略包括诱导策略、角色提醒策略、扬此抑彼策略、反唇相讥策略、含沙射影策略、话题转移策略。本文通过深入剖析相关例子，力图避免英语学习者由于忽视言外之意形成的与说话人意图不完全相符甚至截然相反的尴尬局面，为更好的进行语言交际和准确理解他人意图提供保障，从而在一定程度上推动英语语言的理解和运用。
关键词：特征；言外之意；会话；策略；理解
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