Abstract：Jude the Obscure is one of the novels of Thomas Hardy, an English novelist in 19th century. In the preface of the novel, Hardy points out that this is a tragedy of unfulfilled aims. Jude Fawley, the hero of the novel, is a man with high aspirations but an obscure fate who ends up with nothing and dies in loneliness and misery. By the analysis of Jude’s frustrating life, the paper discusses the root causes of his tragedy from both social and personal perspectives. Jude is the product of Victorian time and is inevitably under the influence of such social conditions as educational system, marital system, religion and ethics, as well as the tragic flaws in his personality, which include his hesitance and irrationality, and also his indulgence in fantasies. As a result, Jude fails in his life dream and ends up in tragedy. As a matter of fact, Jude is the victim of that unfair society. Therefore, the thesis means to expose the several factors resulting in Jude’s miserable life and let the readers have a deep understanding of the hero-Jude by revealing his tragic life.
Key words: Jude the Obscure; Jude; social tragedy; personal tragedy
摘要：《无名的裘德》是19世纪英国小说家托马斯哈代的长篇小说之一，在序言中作者指出这是一部“壮志未酬”的悲剧。本书主人公裘德是个无名小人物，却空怀崇高理想。他努力了一生又回到原点，最终孤独凄惨的死去。他的悲剧是维多利亚时代的产物，当时各种社会条件如教育制度，婚姻制度，宗教制度，伦理制度，还有裘德本身的性格因素等无一不阻碍着裘德对理想和婚姻的追求。本文通过分析裘德一生坎坷经历，从社会和个人两个角度分析裘德一生的命运，意义在于揭示造成其命运多舛的多方面性，从内外两个维度来揭示造成主人公悲剧命运的重要作用，使读者对裘德这个人物有个更加深入全面的了解。
关键字：《无名的裘德》；裘德；社会悲剧；个性悲剧
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