摘要：LED点阵电子显示屏制作简单，安装方便，被广泛应用于各种公共场合，但是这种电子显示屏只能做单一的“显示”作用，显示内容的更改、擦除等功能的实现都要在上位机上实现。能否用LED点阵显示屏实现“书写”功能，本课题基于这一想法，设计并制作一个基于32×32点阵LED模块的书写显示屏。能够应用在更多的场合之上，比如学校教室、各种玩具等等。
本课题的主要任务是完成设计并制作一个点阵分辨率不低于32×32的书写LED显示屏，在控制器的管理下，可以显示文字和图片，要有不同的显示效果（例如：上、下、左、右移动），可以通过一个光笔在屏上实现点亮、划亮、擦除和书写等功能。
本文先介绍了书写LED显示屏硬件的系统设计方案，再具体从书写LED显示屏主要元器件的选型上进行介绍，选用了高性能STC12C5A16AD单片机，提高了系统的控制速度和能力；选用1588BH-16LED点阵，达到了直观的显示效果，选用74LS138与三极管8550共同作为点阵的行驱动，74LS595级联来作为列驱动。接着阐述了书写LED显示屏的总体硬件设计的原理和方法，给出了具体的设计过程，并且研究了硬件上的一些常见问题的处理方法。最后通过测试，系统真实、安全、可靠，符合设计要求。但是由于系统的连接线路很繁琐，导致了在硬件的焊接上显得很粗糙，还有待改进。如果用PCB板来制作的话，效果会更好。
关键词：32×32LED点阵 单片机 阵列驱动 光笔书写
ABSTRACT：LED dot matrix display of simple production, convenient installation, is widely used in various public places, but the electronic display screen can only do single "display" function, to achieve change, erase function display contents have to be implemented in computer. Can use the LED dot matrix display to achieve the "writing" function, this paper based on this idea, the design and fabrication of a based on writing display 32 * 32 dot-matrix LED module. Can be used on more occasions, such as school classrooms, toys etc..
This paper mainly completed the design and production of a lattice resolution less than 32 × 32 writing LED display, controller of the management, can display text and pictures, have different display (for example: the upper and lower, left, right movement), may through the system design scheme of a LED display hardware, then concrete from the selection of writing LED display on the main components are introduced, selects high a pen on the screen to achieve light, lit and writing function.
This paper first introduces the writing performance of STC12C5A16AD MCU, and improve the control speed and the ability of the system; use 1588BH-16LED dot matrix, to display intuitive, selects the 74LS138 triode and 8550 as the dot matrix line drive, 74LS595 cascade as a column driver. Then the paper describes the principle and method of general hardware write LED display screen, the design process were given, processing method and studies some common problems on the hardware. Finally through the test, the system meets the design requirements. But because the system is very complicated, resulting in the hardware welding is very rough, yet to be improved.
Keywords: 32 × 32LED dot ;SCM;Array Drive ;Light pen to write
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