摘要:农业机械化是农业科学技术推广应用的重要载体,是农业现代化的必然过程,加快发展农业机械化是推进城镇化建设,全面建设农村小康社会的重要举措。中国近期仍以发展中小型农业机械为主,农业机械的节能和农用多种能源的开发,受到越来越大的重视,用于农村多种经营的机械品种将得到较大的发展。例如各种农副产品加工机械和禽畜饲养机械。饲料切碎机是用来切碎猪用饲料的一种机器,该机器是一种青饲料切碎机,由破碎、切碎两种功能的机构构成。这种机器可分别切割和破碎对应的青饲料,也可以同时进行。破碎机构主要由刀齿板、刀齿、及辊筒构成。加工块茎类物料时,经过多组刀齿连续的划割,从而完成加工过程;另外,可利用切碎机构加工藤蔓、杆叶类青饲料。其中,切碎机构中的刀片为两把外曲线刃口刀,我们通常见到的是一种直刃砍刀,这种砍刀在切割时阻力很大。
关键词:农业机械;青饲料;破碎;切碎;辊筒
ABSTRACT:Agricultural mechanization is agricultural science and technology popularization and application of the important carrier, is the necessary process of agricultural modernization, accelerate the development of agricultural mechanization is to advance town to change construction, overall construction of comparatively well-off society and an important measure. China was still in the near future to the development of small and medium-sized agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery agricultural energy saving and multiple energy development, more and more attention, for rural diversified machinery varieties will be larger, such as a variety of agricultural and sideline products processing machinery and livestock farming machinery. Feed cutter is used to cut up for swine feed a machine, the machine is a kind of green feed cutting machine, by crushing, shredding function of the two bodies. This machine respectively cutting and crushing the corresponding green feed, can also performed simultaneously. Crushing mechanism is mainly composed of a cutter tooth plate, cutter, and the roller. Tuber processing materials, through several successive cutter tooth of cutting, thereby completing the process; in addition, can use the shredding mechanism processing vines, rod leaf green fodder. Among them, the cutting mechanism of blade for two outer curve blade knife, we usually see is a straight bladed machete, the machete in the cutting resistance is very great.
Keywords:Agricultural machinery;Green feed;Fracture;Chopped;Rolle
此次的毕业设计的题目是小型饲料切碎机的设计,因为以前没有接触过相关的项目,因此在设计过程中感觉非常吃力,也遇到了很多问题。例如资料的不足、理论知识的不完善,缺乏社会经验,这一切都使得本设计中有很多不足的地方。通过本次的毕业设计,让我更加熟练的掌握了一般机械设计的步骤,通过查阅各种文献资料也增长了各方面的知识。如刀具的设计和机架的设计,同时通过对切割机的设计。在设计破碎辊筒的时候遇到了很多问题,需要什么样的材料是第一个问题,在设计中考虑到重量,所以辊筒必须是空心的。刀齿安装在刀齿板上,而刀齿板固定在辊筒上,这样设计有利于安装和拆卸。在刀齿的设计过程中,通过调查相关的机器,不同的机器都有着不同的设计方法,考虑到实际破碎的饲料,刀齿应合理安装,空隙不应过大也不能过小。在对机架的设计中,用到了热轧钢板,必须通过焊接将他们连接起来组成机架。而机架的形状和大小都是由破碎滚筒以及切碎部分的刀片的长度决定,所以机架只能最后来设计。考虑到皮带的长度,电动机安装的时候不能固定在固定的位置,应该是可以移动的。