摘要:传统的组合机床多采用继电器逻辑线路进行加工过程的自动控制，在使用中由于电气故障常使维修时间增加，影响生产率的提高，再者由于电路的限制，稳定性、柔性差，已经满足不了现代产品更新加速的需求。因此本文将对传统的动力滑台系统进行优化设计，和控制升级。在系统方面采用液压动力系统；在控制方面抛弃传统的继电器控制采用可编程序控制器。经过优化和升级控制可提高生产效率，跟上信息化，自动化的时代步伐。
本文所设计的动力滑台是众所周知的一种组合机床通用部件，有液压缸驱动，可实现快进→一工进→—二工进→死挡铁停留→快退→原位停止6个工况的自动控制。滑台上面可安放各种专用切削头，也可以根据需要安放动力箱，多轴箱，滑台与床身，中间低座等通用部件可组成各种组合机床，用以完成钻、扩、铰、镗、铣、车、攻丝等工序。
本文以组合机床动力滑台为研究对象，设计内容包括两方面即液压系统的设计和PLC控制系统的设计。
首先是对液压系统的分析计算及设计。文章采用循序渐进的逐一计算的方法，对组合机床动力滑台的液压系统设计进行阐述。经过研究分析制定其整个设计过程为：系统分析→设计的技术要求和设计参数→工况分析→确定系统主要参数→拟定液压原理图→液压元件的选择→液压系统性能的验算。综上所有过程完成对液压系统的整个设计。
其次是PLC控制系统的设计。为了能够更好的完成该部分的设计，本文采用先分析后设计的方法，通过对所设计的液压系统进行简化和分析，了解其传动系统及液压系统工作原理。在此基础上再进行硬件设计和软件设计。其中硬件设计和软件设计包括：PLC型号的选择、输入输出点分配、接线图及说明。软件设计包括：软件流程图的设计、梯形图的设计及指令表的编写。
通过上述设计，最终得到组合机床液压系统原理图、PLC控制系统程序梯形图及相应的指令表。
关键词：动力滑台；液压系统；PLC控制
ABSTRACT:Traditional machine tool is the use of relay logic circuit for automatic control of the process, in use due to electrical failure often makes maintenance time increases, the productivity gains. Further more failed to meet the accelerating demand of modern product updates. Therefore, this article will be the traditional power sliding system to optimize the design and control upgrades. Systems used in hydraulic power systems; abandon the traditional relay control programmable logic controller in the control. After optimization and up grading of control can improve production efficiency, to keep up with the pace of information technology, automation era.
Designed power slide is a combination of well-known machine tool part, hydraulic cylinder driving can be realized in situ to stop fast-forward → a work into the → - two workers into the → died block of iron to stay → rewind → 6 working the status of automatic control. Above the sliding table can be placed in a variety of special cutting head can also be placed power box, slide bed, middle, Low Block, generic parts can be composed of various combinations of machine tools for the completion of drilling, expansion joint, boring, milling, car, tapping and other processes.
The combination of machine power slide study design includes two hydraulic system design and PLC control system design.
The first is the analytical calculation and design of the hydraulic system. The article with step-by-step one by one method of calculation, described the combination of machine power sliding hydraulic system design. After research and analysis to develop throughout their design process: system analysis → design technical requirements and design parameters → conditions → to determine the system parameters → the development of the hydraulic components of the hydraulic schematic diagram → Select → Check of hydraulic system performance. To sum up all the process is complete the entire design of the hydraulic system.
Follow by the PLC control system design. Order to be able to complete that part of the design, designed in the first analysis, the hydraulic system designed to simplify and analyze, understand its transmission and hydraulic system works. On this basis, then the hardware and software design. Hardware and software design including: the choice of the PLC model, the distribution of input and output points, wiring diagrams and instructions. Software design including: the design of the software flow chart, written in ladder design and instruction sheet.
Through this design, the final combination of hydraulic system schematic, the ladder program of PLC control system and the corresponding instruction sheet.
Keywords: power sliding; hydraulic system; PLC control
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